明晓娟 李夏影 张文香

【摘要】目的：探討晚期未足月胎膜早破患者在围产期开展营养管理后对其保胎成功率及妊娠结局的影响。方法：选取广东省中山市三乡医院2020年1月—2022年1月期间收诊的76例晚期未足月胎膜早破患者为观察对象，按照随机分组办法划分为对照组与观察组，每组均按38例抽取，为对照组采取围产期常规管理对策实施干预，观察组在前组护理基础上落实围产期营养管理办法，对组别之间的管理效果进行全面分析与探讨，共涵盖了4个相关内容。结果：观察组产妇的最终保胎成功率占比量明显更高于对照组（P<0.05）。将负面情绪作为观察项时，组与组之间的举措落实到位之前，并未出现统计学差别（P>0.05）；在举措落实之际，观察组以更低结果出现（P<0.05）。观察组产妇的自然分娩例数更高于对照组，剖宫产与引产例数为更低显示（P<0.05）。在落实各项对策前，组与组之间的心理韧性程度水平均未见有何差别（P>0.05）；在落实各项举措后，心理韧性程度均有所增高，观察组位于更高水平（P<0.05）。结论：对晚期未足月胎膜早破产妇开展围产期营养管理办法后，有利于提升产妇的保胎成功率，确保产妇不良情绪的改善，进而提升产妇自然分娩率。

【关键词】围产期营养管理；晚期未足月胎膜早破；保胎成功率；妊娠结局

Effect of perinatal nutrition management on the success rate of pregnancy protection and pregnancy outcome of patients with late preterm premature rupture of membranes

MING Xiaojuan， LI Xiaying， ZHANG Wenxiang

Zhongshan Sanxiang Hospital， Zhongshan， Guangdong 528463， China

【Abstract】Objective： To explore the effect of nutritional management on the success rate of pregnancy protection and pregnancy outcome of late preterm premature rupture of membranes. Methods： 76 cases of late premature rupture of membranes admitted to Sanxiang Hospital in Zhongshan City， Guangdong Province from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected as the observation objects， and randomly divided into control group and observation group， with 38 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by routine perinatal management measures， while the observation group implemented perinatal nutrition management measures on the basis of the previous groups nursing， and comprehensively analyzed and discussed the management effects between the groups， covering four related contents. Results： The final success rate of pregnancy protection in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. When negative emotions were observed， there was no statistical difference between groups before the measures were put in place （P>0.05）. When the measures were implemented， the observation group appeared with lower results （P<0.05）. The number of natural delivery cases in the observation group was higher than that in the control group， and the number of cesarean section and induced labor cases was lower （P<0.05）. Before the implementation of various countermeasures， there was no difference in psychological resilience level between groups （P>0.05）. After the implementation of various measures， the degree of psychological resilience increased， and the observation group was at a higher level （P<0.05）. Conclusion： Carrying out perinatal nutrition management measures for late preterm premature rupture of membranes will help to improve the success rate of pregnancy protection， ensure the improvement of maternal bad emotions， and then improve the natural delivery rate of pregnant women.

【Key Words】Perinatal nutrition management； Late preterm premature rupture of membranes； The success rate of miscarriage protection； Pregnancy outcome

妊娠期胎膜早破是指妊娠时间在37周及以下的产妇，并在宫缩开始前至少一小时胎膜自发性破裂，大部分的胎膜早破患儿均为早产儿，胎膜早破与母体自身和胎儿围产期不良风险有着密切联系[1]。妊娠最重要的并发症为胎膜早破，这一现象的发生与产妇营养状况有着关联[2]。怀孕期间产妇的营养状态能通过体重指数进行评估，在怀孕11～15周、26周、34～37周期间进行饮食管理，能够有效避免孕早期摄入饱和脂肪酸或多不饱和脂肪酸[3]。胎膜早破的孕产妇在孕中期摄入的营养种类和营养物质均低于非胎膜早破者，通过改善饮食结构，增加摄入量，对预防胎膜早破有着重要意义[4]。……