基于成熟度云模型的高校实验室安全管理能力评价
2023-11-22刘玉强滕博蔡锐杰
刘玉强 滕博 蔡锐杰



摘 要:“以评促管”是提升实验室安全管理水平的有力手段。为评估高校实验室的安全管理水平现状,本文结合高校实验室安全管理特性,从安全管理制度、安全责任体系、安全教育培训、安全检查、实验场所管理、安全应急预案6个方面构建高校实验室安全管理成熟度评价指标体系;确立初始级、可重复级、可确定级、可管理级、优化级5个成熟度评价等级并提出优化路径,结合序关系法确定各指标权重,建立基于成熟度云模型的高校实验室安全管理评价模型。以国内某高校化工实验教学中心为研究对象,评价其安全管理水平。结果表明,成熟度云模型评价方法可以通过提供优化路径来指导安全管理能力提升,兼顾模糊性和随机性,评价结果科学合理。
关键词:高校实验室,安全管理,成熟度,云模型,序关系法
DOI编码:10.3969/j.issn.1002-5944.2023.21.035
基金项目:本文受山西省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“山西省军民融合科技安全体系构建及预警监测研究”(项目编号:2022J022)资助。
Evaluation of University Laboratory Safety Management Capability Based on Maturity Cloud Model
LIU Yu-qiang1 TENG Bo1 CAI Rui-jie2
(1. School of Economics and Management, North University of China; 2. Shanxi North Machine-Building Co., Ltd.)
Abstract: The safety management evaluation of university laboratories is an important guarantee for the smooth operation of university laboratories. In order to evaluate the current situation of the safety management level of university laboratories, combined with the safety management characteristics of university laboratories, the maturity evaluation index system of university laboratory safety management is constructed from six aspects: safety management regulations, safety responsibility system, safety education and training, safety inspection, experimental sites and safety emergency plans. The paper determines fi ve maturity evaluation levels: initial level, repeatable level, determinable level, manageable level and optimization level, puts forward optimization methods, determines weights of each index by order relation method, and establishes a safety management evaluation model for university laboratories, based on the cloud model of maturity. Taking a teaching center of chemical experiments in a certain university in China as the research object, the paper evaluates its level of safety management. The results show that the evaluation method based on maturity cloud model can provide optimization paths to guide the improvement of security management ability, fully reflect the fuzziness and randomness, which are scientifi c and reasonable.
Keywords: university laboratory, safety management, maturity, cloud model, order relation method
0 引 言
近年來,高校实验室规模和数量逐年递增,其作为科研成果和学科建设的孵化基地,为社会各界培养输送了大批优秀科研人才。然而据不完全统计我国高校每年有近30万人直接或间接参与涉危实验,2009年至2019年间,我国高校实验室安全事故达14,543起[1]。高校实验室安全问题引发社会的广泛关注,2021年12月至2022年3月教育部办公厅先后发布《关于开展加强高校实验室安全专项行动的通知》[2]《关于组织开展2022年高等学校实验室安全检查工作的通知》[3],对高校实验室安全管理能力提出了更高的要求。……
