丁莉

【摘 要】目的 探究聚焦取向模式对乳腺癌去乳术后患者自我形象的影响。方法 选取2019年6月-2022年6月我院收治的84例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为对照组与试验组，各42例。对照组接受术后常规干预，试验组在对照组基础上进行聚焦取向模式方案，比较两组自我形象以及感知压力情况。结果 两组干预后BIBCQ各项评分及总分均低于干预前，且试验组低于对照组（P<0.05）；两组干预后PPS评分均低于干预前，且试验组低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 聚焦取向模式可明确改善乳腺癌去乳术后患者的自我形象水平及感知压力的心理状态。

【关键词】聚焦取向模式；乳腺癌；自我形象；感知压力

中图分类号：R473 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1004-4949（2023）14-0166-04

Effect of Focus Orientation Model on Self-image of Patients with Breast Cancer After Mastectomy

DING Li

（Department of Thoracic Surgery， Haian Peoples Hospital， Haian 226600， Jiangsu， China）

【Abstract】Objective To explore the effect of focus orientation model on self-image of breast cancer patients after mastectomy. Methods A total of 84 patients with breast cancer admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and experimental group by random number table method， with 42 patients in each group. The control group received routine postoperative intervention， and the experimental group received focused orientation mode on the basis of the control group. The self-image and perceived stress of the two groups were compared. Results After the intervention， the BIBCQ scores and total scores of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention， and the experimental group was lower than the control group （P<0.05）. The PPS scores of the two groups after intervention were lower than those before intervention， and the experimental group was lower than the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The focus orientation model can clearly improve the self-image level and psychological state of perceived stress in patients with breast cancer after mastectomy.

【Key words】Focus orientation model； Breast cancer； Self-image； Perceived stress

乳腺癌（breast cancer）好发于女性群体，全世界约有210万例为乳腺癌新发患者，占女性癌症总数量的20%左右，其整体患病率依然在不断攀升[1]。在整体医疗技术紧跟时代步伐，不断向前发展的同时，患有肿瘤的人们其生命周期也在逐渐延长，其中乳腺癌的5年生存率已提高至82%[2]。因此对于癌症患者，不能仅局限于关注其生存预后问题，同时也应对其生活质量及心理健康予以重视。相较于男性患者而言，女性更加注重患病后的自身体象[3]。乳腺癌的治疗过程让患者面临诸多身体外在形象的改变，如外科手术让患者乳房缺失，长期内分泌治疗致身体肥胖，放化疗使头发脱落、皮肤色素沉着等，这些导致乳腺癌患者常常出现抑郁、心理压力过大、身体意象障碍等心理问题[4，5]。聚焦取向模式是基于心理学而形成的治疗方案，其治疗的中心焦点在于同患者一起构建问题解决策略以达到患者预期盼望的成效[6]。……