王大彬　孟贵星　王雪松　陈红华　邓建强　向必坤　谭绍安　王瑞

摘要：為掌握不同成熟度茄衣烟叶的高光谱特征，本研究利用便携式高光谱相机采集3种成熟度[尚熟（SS）、成熟（CS ）以及完熟（WS）]茄衣烟叶的高光谱图像并提取光谱数据，通过多元统计分析研究了不同成熟度茄衣烟叶高光谱特征，并构建了支持向量机（ SVM ）模型用于茄衣烟叶成熟度的分类判别。茄衣烟叶高光谱在400～680 nm、730～1000 nm 各自区域内以及400～430 nm 与730～1000 nm 两个区域之间具有很强的正相关性，在460～730 nm 与760～940 nm 之间相关性较弱；3个特征值大于1的主成分（PC1～PC3）几乎包含了所有的光谱信息；主成分方差分析结果表明，不同成熟度茄衣烟叶的高光谱反射特征在可见光、红边以及近红外区域均存在统计学差异； SVM 对3种成熟度茄衣烟叶的分类准确率达到98%以上，对 CS 茄衣烟叶的精确率、召回率和 F1分数均为100%，对 SS 和 WS 茄衣烟叶均达到94%以上。茄衣烟叶高光谱存在多重共线性，具有很好的降维效果，不同成熟度茄衣烟叶的光谱反射特征差异明显， SVM 在茄衣烟叶成熟度分类判别方面表现优异，可辅助用于茄衣烟叶适熟采收。

关键词：茄衣烟叶；成熟度；高光谱成像；光谱特征；模型构建

中图分类号：S572.01         文献标识码： A          文章编号：1007-5119（2023）03-0085-07

Analysis of Hyperspectral Characteristics of Coat-oriented Cigar Tobacco with Different Maturity and Construction of a Classification Model

WANG Dabin1， MENG Guixing2， WANG Xuesong2， CHEN Honghua2， DENG Jianqiang2， XIANG Bikun2， TAN Shaoan2， WANG Rui2*

（1. Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Tobacco， Ministry of Agriculture， Tobacco Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Agricultural Sciences， Qingdao 266101， China;2. Enshi Tobacco Company of Hubei Province， Enshi， Hubei 445000，China）

Abstract： To obtain hyperspectral characteristics of different-maturity coat-oriented cigar tobacco， in this study we used a portable hyperspectral camera to collect hyperspectral images of coat-oriented cigar tobacco at three-maturity stages （SS， CS and WS） and extracted their spectral data. The characteristics of hyper spectrum was analyzed by using multivariate statistical analysis， and a supported vector machine （SVM） model was constructed for discriminating the maturity of coat-oriented cigar tobacco. There existed strong correlation for the bands in the region of 400-680 nm， 730-1000 nm as well as between 400-430 nm and 730-1000 nm， while the correlation between 460-730 nm and 760-940 nm was weak. Three principal components （PC1， PC2 and PC3） with eigenvalues larger than 1 almost contained all the spectral information， and analysis of variance from principal components indicated that there was significant difference among the three-maturity coat-oriented cigar tobacco in visible light， red edge and near infrared region. For SVM， the accuracy of discriminating cigar maturity was more than 98%， and the precision， recall and F1 scores were 100% for CS cigar as well as more than 94% for SS and WS cigar. The hyper spectrum of cigar had multicollinearity with a good dimension reduction effect. The spectral reflection characteristics of different-maturity coat-oriented cigar tobacco was significantly different. SVM had good performance in discriminating maturity of coat-oriented cigar tobacco， which could be used in ripening harvest of coat-oriented cigar tobacco.

Keywords： coat-oriented cigar tobacco; maturity; hyperspectral imaging; spectral characteristics; model construction

茄衣是雪茄中最为昂贵的部分，知名雪茄品牌都十分注重茄衣品质。田间适熟采收是保证茄衣品质的重要环节，目前茄衣烟叶田间成熟度判定主要基于其外观特征。然而，从业人员的主观感受存在个体差异以及外观特征指标难以精准量化等问题给茄衣烟叶适熟采收工作带来挑战。……