王亚男　耿锐梅　李世斌　肖志亮　刘正文　贾振国　杨爱国　任民

摘要：鑒定抗烟草青枯病的优异种质资源，拓宽青枯病抗性品种的遗传背景，提高品种抗病水平，是当前烟草抗性育种的研究重点。以 Dixie Bright 101、K326、红花大金元为对照品种，在室内接种 FJ-SMNT、FQY-4、Y45等3株菌株，对地方晒烟种质资源琼中五指山-1进行病情指数调查与抗性评价，并基于种质资源重测序数据，开发了琼中五指山-1的特异性 SNP 指纹图谱。结果表明，琼中五指山-1发病缓慢，病情轻微，病情指数增长平缓，对3株菌株均有良好的抗性，抗性水平显著高于抗病对照。构建的特异性指纹图谱由339个 SNP 位点组成，基于云计算平台开发了该指纹图谱的检测程序并利用测序技术对指纹图谱的可靠性进行了验证，证明了该指纹图谱可以从随机取样的样品中准确鉴定出琼中五指山-1。琼中五指山-1是目前国内发现的青枯病抗性最好的种质资源之一。

关键词：青枯病；晒烟；种质资源；抗性鉴定；指纹图谱

中图分类号： S572.03         文献标识码： A         文章编号：1007-5119（2023）03-0077-08

Identification of Bacterial Wilt Resistance and Fingerprint Development of Sun-cured Tobacco Qiongzhongwuzhishan-1

WANG Yanan， GENG Ruimei， LI Shibin， XIAO Zhiliang， LIU Zhengwen， JIA Zhenguo， YANGAiguo， REN Min*

（Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Qingdao 266101， China）

Abstract： The identification of excellent resistance germplasm resources to bacterial wilt， broadening the genetic background and improving the disease resistance level of tobacco varieties are the research focuses of current tobacco resistance breeding. In this study， Dixie Bright 101， K326， and Honghuadajinyuan were used as control varieties， and three Ralstonia solanacearum strains FJ-SMNT， FQY-4， and Y45 were used to inoculate tobacco plants. We then recorded the disease index and evaluated the bacteria wilt resistance of Qiongzhongwuzhishan-1， a local sun-cured tobacco germplasm resource. And based on the resequencing data of germplasm resources， the characteristic SNP fingerprint of Qiongzhongwuzhishan-1 were developed. The results showed that Qiongzhongwuzhishan-1 had a slow onset， mild disease occurence， and a mild increase in the disease index， with good resistance to all three strains. The level of resistance was significantly higher than that of the resistant control. The specific fingerprint consisted of 339 SNP loci， and a detection program for this fingerprint was developed based on the cloud computing platform. The reliability of this fingerprint was verified using sequencing technologies， and it was demonstrated that this fingerprint could accurately identify Qiongzhongwuzhishan-1 from randomly sampled specimens. The results from this study indicated that Qiongzhongwuzhishan-1 is one of the germplasm resources with the best resistance to tobacco bacteria wilt found in China.

Keywords： bacterial wilt; sun-cured tobacco; germplasm resources; resistance identification; fingerprint

青枯病是由青枯雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）引起的一种土传细菌性病害，是热带、亚热带地区常见的毁灭性植物病害[1]。青枯菌寄主范围十分广泛，能够侵染50多个科450多种植物[2]，其中茄科的重要经济作物烟草[3]、马铃薯[4]、番茄[5]、茄子[6]等均能被青枯菌侵染。烟草青枯病对世界各地的烟叶生产均有严重影响[7]。在我国，烟草青枯病主要发生在南方烟区，包括广东、广西、福建、湖南、四川、贵州、安徽等省份。近年来，国内烟草青枯病有从南方地区向北方地区蔓延的趋势[8]。……