浅谈不同视角下混合动力汽车技术的分类
2023-04-21付宽辜文杰
付宽 辜文杰


摘 要:为达成“双碳”目标,社会各界积极推动新能源汽车的研发和推广。当今混合动力汽车技术日趋成熟,能较好兼顾节能减排和的续航里程的需求。混合动力汽车结构复杂,针对行业各界对混合动力技术的分类不够全面的问题,通过梳理市场上主流的混合动力技术,从不同的视角出发,分门别类进行归纳,阐述各类型的结构原理、特性特点、市场表现,并展望混动技术的发展。
关键词:混动技术 分类 混合度 耦合方式 构型
Discussion about the Classification of Hybrid Vehicle Technology from Different Perspectives
Fu Kuan Gu Wenjie
Abstract:In order to achieve the goal of "dual carbon", all sectors of society actively promote the research and development and promotion of new energy vehicles. Today's hybrid vehicle technology is becoming more and more mature, which can better balance the needs of energy saving, emission reduction and cruising range. The structure of hybrid vehicles is complex. In view of the problem that the classification of hybrid technology from all walks of life in the industry is not comprehensive enough, by sorting out the mainstream hybrid technology in the market, from different perspectives, it is divided into categories, and the structural principles, characteristics and market performance of various types are expounded, and the development of hybrid technology is prospected.
Key words:hybrid technology, classification, degree of mixing, coupling method, configuration
1 引言
为达到“双碳”目标,我国政行企三方联合推动发展新能源汽车。国务院办公厅发布的《新能源汽车产业发展规划(2021-2035)》提出要深化“三纵三横”研发布局,强化整车集成技术创新。以纯电动汽车、插电式混合动力(含增程式)汽车、燃料电池汽车为“三纵”,布局整车技术创新链[1]。作为“三纵”技术路线的其中一纵,混合动力汽车有着举足轻重的地位。当下燃油发动机运行效率较低,纯电动汽车续航里程较短,使得混合动力汽车技术拥有了发展的土壤。2021年以来,国产混动技术发展已进入快车道,行业各界对混合动力汽车进行过分类,但均描述不够全面、分类依据不够明确。混合动力汽车结构复杂,形式多样,需要从不同视角审视,才能全面系统的进行分类和阐述。
2 什么是混合动力汽车
广义上说,混合动力汽车(Hybrid Electric Vehicle,HEV)(下称混动汽车)是指车辆驱动系统由两个或多个能同时运转的单个驱动系统联合组成的车辆,车辆的行驶功率依据实际的车辆行驶状态由单个驱动系统单独或共同提供[2]。……
