凉血解毒法治疗乙肝慢加急性肝衰竭疗效的Meta分析
2022-06-07朱冰冰陈宇高方媛王宪波杨晋翔
朱冰冰 陈宇 高方媛 王宪波 杨晋翔



摘要 目的:評价凉血解毒法治疗乙肝慢加急性肝衰竭(HBV Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure,HBV-ACLF)的治疗效果和安全性。方法:计算机检索2010年1月至2020年5月公开发表的以中医凉血解毒法为干预手段治疗HBV-ACLF的临床随机对照试验。依照纳排标准进行文献筛选、质量风险评估和资料提取,通过RevMan5.3软件进行荟萃分析。结果:最终纳入20项随机对照试验,共1 812例患者。Meta分析结果显示凉血解毒法可以改善临床总有效率(OR=2.61,95%CI为1.93~3.52,Z=6.24,P<0.000 01);降低临床死亡率(OR=0.39,95%CI为0.29~0.53,Z=6.14,P<0.000 01),降低GPT(MD=-20.86,95%CI为-29.91~-11.80,Z=4.51,P<0.000 01)、GOT(MD-4.99,95%CI为-8.05~-1.92,Z=3.19,P=0.001)、TBil(MD=-40.47,95%CI为-45.69~-35.25,Z=15.19,P<0.000 01)、MELD(MD=1.19,95%CI为0.29~2.09,Z=2.90,P=0.01),提高白蛋白(MD=2.57,95%CI为1.95~3.19,Z=8.13,P<0.000 01)、胆碱酯酶(MD=1.15,95%CI为0.37~1.92,Z=2.90,P=0.004)、凝血酶原活性(MD=11.2、46,95%CI为9.32~13.60,Z=10.50,P<0.000 01)水平,改善中医证候(MD=-3.65,95%CI为-4.63~-2.67,Z=7.92,P<0.000 01),差异有统计学意义。其中4项临床研究报告了应用凉血解毒法治疗HBV-ACLF的不良反应,并显示其不良反应可自行缓解。结论:凉血解毒法可提高HBV-ACLF患者的临床有效率,降低临床死亡率、改善肝功、凝血功能,且不良反应发生率较低。
关键词 慢加急性肝衰竭;乙型病毒性肝炎;凉血解毒法;随机对照试验;治疗;安全性;系统评价;Meta分析
Meta-analysis of the Effect of Liangxue Jiedu Therapy on Hepatitis B and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
ZHU Bingbing1,2,CHEN Yu1,GAO Fangyuan3,WANG Xianbo3,YANG Jinxiang2
(1 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China; 2 Department of Spleen and Stomach,Third Affiliated Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing100029,China; 3 Center for Combined TCM and Western Medicine,Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100015,China)
Abstract Objective:This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Liangxue Jiedu therapy in the treatment of hepatitis B and acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF).Methods:We searched the major databases for randomized controlled trials on the treatment of HBV-ACLF with Liangxue Jiedu therapy(January 2010-May 2020),followed by screening accoring to the exclusion criteria,quality assessment,and data collection.RevMan5.3 was employed for Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 20 randomized controlled trials involving 1 812 cases were included.Meta-analysis results showed that Liangxue Jiedu therapy can significantly raise the total clinical effective rate(OR=2.61,95%CI 1.93 to 3.52,Z=6.24,P<0.000 01),reduce clinical mortality(OR=0.39,95%CI 0.29 to 0.53,Z=6.14,P<0.000 01),GPT(MD=-20.86,95%CI -29.91 to -11.80,Z=4.51,P<0.000 01),GOT(MD=-4.99,95%CI -8.05 to -1.92,Z=3.19,P=0.001),TBil(MD=-40.47,95%CI -45.69 to -35.25,Z=15.19,P<0.000 01),and MELD(MD=1.19,95%CI 0.29 to 2.09,Z=2.90,P=0.01),and improve levels of ALB(MD=2.57,95%CI 1.95 to 3.19,Z=8.13,P<0.000 01),CHE(MD=1.15,95%CI 0.37 to 1.92,Z=2.90,P=0.004),and PTA(MD=11.2,46,95%CI 9.32 to 13.60,Z=10.50,P<0.000 01),and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome(MD=-3.65,95%CI -4.63 to -2.67,Z=7.92,P<0.000 01).Four studies reported the relevant adverse reactions of the Liangxue Jiedu therapy,all of which,however,disappeared spontaneously.Conclusion:Liangxue Jiedu therapy can raise the clinical effective rates in patients with HBV-ACLF,thus reducing the mortality,and improve liver function and blood coagulation,with seldom occurrence of adverse reactions.A46BA61A-58BF-4F92-B056-5DBEBC4A8AD8
Keywords Acute-on-chronic liver failure; Hepatitis B; Liangxue Jiedu therapy; Randomized controlled trial; Treatment; Safety; Systematic review; Meta-analysis
中圖分类号:R256.5文献标识码:Adoi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2022.08.009
慢加急性(亚急性)肝衰竭[Acute(Subacute)-on-chronic Liver Failure,ACLF或SACLF]是肝衰竭的一个特殊类型,是在慢性肝脏系统疾病的基础上,由多种病因诱发,临床以黄疸急性加重总胆红素(Total Bilirubin,TBil)≥10×健康人群高限(Upper Limit of Normal,ULN)或每日上升≥17.1 μmol/L,凝血功能障碍凝血酶原活性(Prothrombin Activity,PTA)≤40%或国际标准化比值(International Normalized Ratio,INR)≥1.5)为主要表现的综合征。在此基础上可出现腹腔积液、炎症、肝性脑病、水-电解质紊乱等严重并发症,甚至合并肝外多脏器功能衰竭。在我国,肝炎病毒(乙型肝炎病毒为主)是肝衰竭发生的主要病因。《肝衰竭诊治指南(2018年版)》指出早期诊断、早期干预为抑制该病发展的重要措施,强调病因治疗与对症治疗相结合,并积极防治其并发症[1]。
目前西医尚未出现针对该病的特效药物和治疗手段,而中医的“急黄”“瘟黄”蕴含了ACLF的重要临床特征:外感、危重和快速增高的黄疸。中医学认为HBV-ACLF证属本虚标实,以毒(热毒与湿热疫毒)、瘀、虚为主要病因病机,并提出治疗的关键在坏死期[2]。……
