种蛋熏蒸消毒自动化装备与效果验证
2022-05-21黄立
黄立

[摘 要]为了避免种蛋消毒过程中甲醛对人体造成伤害,对环境造成污染,探讨了传统熏蒸间消毒工艺的弊端,介绍了种蛋熏蒸消毒自动化装备及其工艺流程,该装备可实现全自动熏蒸消毒,在消毒过程中,甲醛与人体全程无接触,最大程度保障了人身安全,消毒结束后,甲醛得到中和,避免了对环境的污染。消毒后通过微生物检测,揭示了该装备消毒效果良好,能够满足孵化场生产工艺需求。
[关键词]消毒;中和;自动化;甲醛浓度检测;微生物检测
[中图分类号]X831;TP368.1 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]2095–6487(2022)02–00–03
Verification of Egg Disinfection Effect of Automatic Fumigation Equipment
Huang Li
[Abstract]In order to avoid the harm of formaldehyde to human body and environmental pollution in the disinfection process of breeding eggs, this paper discusses the disadvantages of the disinfection process in the traditional fumigation room, and introduces the automatic equipment and process flow of egg fumigation and disinfection. The equipment can realize full-automatic fumigation and disinfection. In the disinfection process, formaldehyde has no contact with human body in the whole process, so as to ensure personal safety to the greatest extent, After disinfection, formaldehyde is neutralized to avoid environmental pollution. Through the microbial detection after disinfection, it is revealed that the equipment has good disinfection effect and can meet the production process requirements of the incubator.
[Keywords]disinfection; neutralization; automation; formaldehyde concentration detection; microbiological detection
1 傳统熏蒸间消毒工艺
为了防止微生物污染种蛋,孵化场需要对种蛋进行反复消毒:种蛋从农场运到孵化场后,经过挑选和码盘两道工序,种蛋被装入蛋盘,放置到孵化车上,再推入消毒间进行消毒作业,消毒完毕再转入蛋库进行保存;种蛋存储结束,上孵之前,还需要推入消毒间进行消毒作业。这两次消毒常用甲醛熏蒸消毒的方法。
传统熏蒸消毒间设备比较简单,一般包括甲醛蒸发桶和排风机,如图1所示,其消毒过程为:①在甲醛蒸发桶中放置称量好的高锰酸钾,倒入甲醛溶液(40%的浓度),立即关门,甲醛和高锰酸钾产生剧烈反应,挥发出甲醛气体,充满整个消毒间,实现对种蛋的熏蒸消毒,一般熏蒸持续20~30 min;②熏蒸结束后,打开排风风机,排出消毒间废气,排气时间90 min左右;③排气结束后,关闭排风机,工作人员进入房间,取走蒸发桶,拉出蛋车,完成熏蒸消毒。
从以上消毒过程可以看出,传统熏蒸消毒工艺存在以下弊端:①工作人员在加注甲醛过程中,暴露在甲醛气体中,有受伤害的风险;熏蒸过程无明确指示,员工可能误闯正在熏蒸的房间,导致人员伤害。……
