孙萍 李新朋 薛涛 辛杰 陈虞超 郭生虎 张波

中圖分类号 R285;R969 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2022）04-0507-06

DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.04.21

摘 要 金莲花的药理作用十分广泛，包括抗氧化、抑菌、抗病毒、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、解热镇痛、止咳祛痰、保护脏器作用等。金莲花的主要药效成分为黄酮类和酚酸类成分，尤其是荭草苷、牡荆苷、荭草素-2″-O-半乳糖苷3个单体成分的药效较广且研究较多。金莲花多以金莲花颗粒、金莲花胶囊、金莲花片、金莲花口服液等中成药形式应用于临床，主要用于上呼吸道感染、咽炎、扁桃体炎、牙周炎、腮腺炎、口腔溃疡、手足口病等多种疾病的治疗，且多采用中西药联合使用的方式。金莲花相关制剂由于疗效确切且不良反应少，比较适用于儿科人群，可用于治疗小儿上呼吸道感染、小儿急性化脓性扁桃体炎、儿童流行性腮腺炎、手足口病等，这也是其用药特色之一。本文从金莲花的药理作用和临床应用两个方面对近20年的相关文献进行综述，为进一步促进该药材的临床合理应用和新药研发提供参考。

关键词 金莲花;药理作用;临床应用

Research progress of pharmacological effects and clinical application of Trollius chinensis

SUN Ping1，LI Xinpeng1，XUE Tao1，XIN Jie1，CHEN Yuchao2，GUO Shenghu2，ZHANG Bo1（1. College of Pharmacy， Linyi University， Shandong Linyi 276005， China; 2. Agricultural Biotechnology Center， Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science， Yinchuan 750002， China）

ABSTRACT   Trollius chinensis has a wide range of pharmacological effects， including anti-oxidative， antibacterial， antiviral， anti-inflammatory， anti-tumor， anti-aging， antipyretic and analgesic effects， relieving cough and removing phlegm， viscera protection， and so on. Flavonoids and phenolic acids are the main medicinal components of it， especially three monomers have a wide range of efficacy and have been studied more， such as orientin， vitexin and 2″-O-galactopyranosyl orientin. T. chinensis is mostly used in clinical practice in the form of Chinese patent medicines， such as Jinlianhua granules， Jinlianhua capsules， Jinlianhua tablets and Jinlianhua oral liquid. These medicines are used to treatment of upper respiratory tract infection， pharyngitis， tonsillitis， periodontitis， mumps， oral ulcer， and hand-foot-mouth disease. They are usually used by combining with Western medicine. Due to its definite curative effect and less adverse drug reactions， T. chinensis related preparations are more suitable for pediatric population， and they can be used for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection in children， acute suppurative tonsillitis in children， epidemic mumps in children， hand-foot-mouth disease in children， which is also one of its drug characteristics. This paper review the relevant literatures in recent 20 years from the respective of pharmacological effects and clinical applicationin order to provide reference for further promoting rational clinical application of T. chinensis and new drug research and development.

KEYWORDS   Trollius chinensis; pharmacological effects; clinical application

金莲花为毛茛科金莲花属植物金莲花Trollius chinensis Bunge的干燥花。该药始见于《本草纲目拾遗》，曰“味滑苦，无毒，性寒;治口疮喉肿、浮热牙宣、耳疼目痛……明目，解岚瘴;疔瘡，大毒诸风”[1]。1977年版《中国药典》（一部）开始收录金莲花，称其性味“苦，微寒”，功能主治为“抗菌消炎，用于上呼吸道感染、咽炎、扁桃体炎、中耳炎、急性结膜炎、急性淋巴管炎”[2]。1999年版《中华本草（第3卷）》谓其“味苦，性微寒”，能“清热解毒、消肿、明目”，主治“感冒发热、咽喉肿痛、口疮、牙龈肿痛、牙龈出血、目赤肿痛、疔疮肿毒、急性鼓膜炎、急性淋巴管炎”[3]。