夏小慧 张社平 郑慧芳 尹雪娟 梁超 陈楠

摘  要：探索KDL課程实施对儿童基本运动技能及体质健康水平的影响，采用方便抽样法抽取某市4所试点小学，对1～4年级实施KDL课程教学。运用独立样本T检验对比分析课程实施前后学生基本运动技能及体质健康评分差异，皮尔逊相关性分析以及多元线性回归研究指标间相关性。结果显示：KDL课程实施前后，总体移动技能、操控技能、总技能组间差异均有统计学显著意义（P<0.05）;分组比较时，移动技能在8岁女生组、8岁组及女生组间差异有统计学显著意义（P<0.05）;除6岁各组及7岁男生组外，其余各组操控技能、总技能组间差异均有统计学显著意义（P<0.05）。总体肺活量、坐位体前屈、跳绳及总评分等4项指标组间差异有统计学显著意义（P<0.05）;分组比较时，体质测试各指标在6、7岁各组间差异均无统计学显著意义（P>0.05），在8、9岁部分组间存在统计学显著意义（P<0.05）。除肺活量指标外，其余基本运动技能与体质测试各指标之间均无统计学显著意义（P>0.05）。研究表明：KDL课程能有效促进6～9岁儿童基本运动技能和体质健康整体水平的发展，基本运动技能在7～9岁间变化显著且以操控技能的提高为主，体质健康水平在8～9岁间变化显著，但儿童基本运动技能与体质健康水平可能是两种独立发展的能力，指标之间无明显相关性。

关  键  词：学校体育;KDL体育与健康课程;基本运动技能;体质健康水平;儿童

中图分类号：G807文献标志码：A文章编号：1006-7116（2021）06-0105-06

The influence of KDL curriculum on children's basic motor skills

and physical health level

XIA Xiao-hui1，ZHANG She-ping1，ZHENG Hui-fang1，YIN Xue-juan1，LIANG Chao2，CHEN Nan2

（1.School of Physical Education，Lanzhou City University，Lanzhou 730070，China;

2.Department of Physical Education，Lanzhou University of Technology，Lanzhou 730030，China）

Abstract： This paper focus on the influence of KDL curriculum implementation on children's basic motor skills and physical health level. 4 pilot primary schools in a city were selected by convenient sampling and the classes from grade 1 to 4 were implemented with KDL curriculum. Before and after the implementation of the course， the differences of students' basic motor skills and physical health scores were analyzed by the Independent Samples T- test.The correlation between indexes was analyzed by Pearsons correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. Results show that： before and after the implementation of KDL curriculum， there were statistically significant differences in total mobile skills， manipulation skills and overall skills （P<0.05）. In group comparison， there were statistically significant differences in mobile skills between groups of 8-year-girls， 8-year and girls （P<0.05）. Except for the 6-year group and the 7-year-boys group， there were statistically significant differences in control skills and total skills among the other groups （P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in total vital capacity， sit-forward-flexion， rope skipping and total scores （P<0.05）; in group comparison， there was no statistically significant difference between groups of 6-year and 7-year （P>0.05）， but between certain groups of 8-year and 9-year （P<0.05）. No significant difference in statistics between basic motor skills and physical health scores except vital capacity index （P>0.05）. Conclusions indicates that： KDL curriculum could effectively promote the development of basic motor skills and physical health of children aged 6-9 years. The basic motor skills changed significantly between 7-9 years old， and the main improvement was shown in motor control skills， and the physical health level changed significantly between 8-9 years old. But there is no correlation between children's basic motor skills and physical health level， which may be two independent development abilities.

Keywords： school physical education;KDL physical education and health curriculum;basic motor skill;physical health level;children

2020年10月颁发的《关于全面加强和改进新时代学校体育工作的意见》，要求不断深化教学改革，逐步完善“健康知识+基本运动技能+专项运动技能”的学校体育教学模式。基本运动技能是人体基本动作的协调运用能力，是专项运动技能形成的基础[1]。“国家学生体质健康标准达标优秀率25%以上”是《健康中国“2030”规划纲要》中提出的切实目标，因此以发展儿童基本运动技能为视角进行体育与健康课程改革，是提高青少年体质健康水平的重要途径。……