包装材料中重金属的检测方法研究
2021-11-28朱翔汪宣徐继俊甘智蓝闽波赵红莉王蕾项佳凝徐文君徐莹
朱翔 汪宣 徐继俊 甘智 蓝闽波 赵红莉 王蕾 项佳凝 徐文君 徐莹
摘要:对于包装材料而言,油墨和承印物在成品中占据较大比例,对油墨产品中重金属的检测不仅关乎印刷一线工人的职业健康,同时也关乎产品在社会中的影响。对包装承印物中重金属的监测也有极为重要的作用,特别对于一些应用在食品中的材料,其中的重金属可能会污染包裹的食品,最终对消费者身体健康造成不良影响。因此对包装材料中重金属检测,不仅是对印刷工作者的保护,也是对消费者身体健康的保障,符合绿色印刷的理念。本文从重金属检测方法角度出发,着重分析目前较为流行的检测方法的特点,为企业或研究人员对检测方法的选择提供理论依据。
关键词:包装材料;油墨;承印物;重金属;检测方法
中图分类号:TB48 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1400 (2021) 10-0023-05
The Detection Method of Heavy Metals in Packaging Materials: An Overview
ZHU Xiang1, WANG Xuan1, XU Ji-jun1, GAN Zhi2, LAN Min-bo2, ZHAO Hong-li2, WANG Lei1, XIANG Jia-ning1, XU Wen-jun1, XU Ying1(1 Shanghai tobacco packaging printing Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200137, China; 2 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China)
Abstract: For packaging materials, inks and substrates account for a large proportion of the finished products. The detection of heavy metals in ink is not only related to the occupational health of frontline workers, but also related to the impact of the product in society. The monitoring of heavy metals in packaging substrates also plays an important role, especially for some materials used in food, where heavy metals may contaminate the packaged food and ultimately cause adverse effects on the health of consumers. From the perspective of heavy metal detection methods, this paper mainly focuses on the features of the detection methods for heavy metals detection, and provides a theoretical basis for companies or researchers to choose these detection methods.
Key words: packaging materials; heavy metals detection; inks; substrates; green printing
1 常见重金属及其危害
对重金属的定义通常为:比重大于5的金属称之为重金属[1]。人类目前发现的重金属通常位于元素周期表中过渡元素区域,对人体造成较大危害的主要是铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)等。重金屬对人体的损伤体现在累积性、高毒性和难降解性上,富集后会造成极大的损害(如表1所示)。例如,Pb进入人体后会影响血红细胞、脑部、中枢神经系统的正常工作,引起铅贫血、记忆力减退、智力低下和肌肉麻痹等症状。特别是婴幼儿吸收铅后,会抑制其智力发育[2]。相对于其他其它价态的铬离子,Cr6+的剧毒性和致癌性对人体造成极大的伤害。……
