战国中山国男子服饰考略
2021-11-28邢琳唐景词
邢琳 唐景词



摘要:
20世纪70年代开始,河北省平山县三汲乡一带相继发现战国中山国灵寿古城遗址、战国早期中山鲜虞贵墓葬、战国中山国王族墓葬,以及大小百余座平民墓葬,共计出土文物两万余件套。文章以其中带有男性人物形象的青铜器、陶器为主要研究对象,通过文献研究、线稿绘制、同类比较等方法,揭示战国中山国中下层平民男子服饰款式特征。研究发现,在中山国存续的118年间,男子服饰从早期的单一胡服向后期的“角色化、等级化、中原化”发展,强调实用性的同时兼顾礼乐制度。这一结果为后期研究中山国与周围各诸侯国之间的服饰文化交流提供了一定的参考。
关键词:
战国;中山国;男子服饰;男子发式;青铜器;陶器;胡服
中图分类号: TS941.12;K89223
文献标志码: B
文章编号: 10017003(2021)11007308
引用页码: 111201
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7003.2021.11.013
A study of mens clothing in Zhongshan State in the Warring States Period
XING Lin, TANG Jingci
(Faculty of Design and Art, Hebei Academy of Fine Arts, Shijiazhuang 050000, China)
Abstract:
Since the 1970s, in the area of Sanji Township, Pingshan county, Hebei province, a total of over 20 000 pieces of cultural relics have been unearthed, from the ruins of Lingshou ancient city in Zhongshan State of the Warring States Period, Xianyu noble tombs in the early Warring States Period, royal tombs of Zhongshan State in the Warring States Period, and more than 100 noble and civilian tombs. Taking the bronze and pottery with male characters as the main research object, through literature research, line draft drawing, similar comparison and other methods, this paper reveals the characteristics of the clothing styles of middle- and lower-class civilian men in the Warring States Period. It is found that during the 118 years of the existence of Zhongshan State, mens clothing evolved from single Hu clothing in the early stage to "role-based, hierarchical and Central Plains" in the later stage, emphasizing practicality while taking into account the ritual and music system. This result provides a certain reference for the subsequent research on the exchanges of clothing culture between Zhongshan State and the surrounding vassal states.
Key words:
the Warring States Period; Zhongshan State; mens clothing; mens hairstyle; bronze-ware; pottery; Hu clothing
作者簡介: 邢琳(1991),女,讲师,主要从事中国民族服饰的研究。
战国时期“犀首立五王,而中山后持”[1],中山国历经7代君主,鼎盛时期疆域北抵鸱之塞(今河北唐县西北),南达房子(今河北高邑西南),西起井陉关(今河北井陉西太行山“井陉口”),东到苦陉以东(今河北省石家庄市定州市东南)[2],是春秋战国时期唯一由少数民族——白狄族建立的诸侯国。由于中山国没有被记入《史记》的《世家》系列,长久以来都仅存在于非正史的只言片语中,直到中山王墓葬群、战国早期贵族墓葬群、中山国古城遗址被相继发现,曾经对改变战国时期诸侯各国格局至关重要的中山国才逐渐进入学者的视野。……
