新型伸缩臂的设计及应用
2021-11-28吴敬民
吴敬民



摘 要:本文介绍了一种新型电动伸缩臂,其应用在喷砂机器人中,作为该机器人的上下运动轴。考虑到实际工作环境、产品性能以及成本的需要,该伸缩臂采用2级伸缩结构(共3节臂管),用伺服电机驱动,第一级伸缩采用电动缸驱动,第二级伸缩则利用钢丝绳和滑轮系统与第一级伸缩联动,以2倍于第一级的速度伸缩。从整体上看:第2节臂和第3节臂同时动作,臂管露出长度相同,运行速度快且平稳,稳定性好,径向承载力强。
关键词:伺服电动缸;伸缩臂;喷砂机器人
中图分类号:TH122文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-5168(2021)16-0057-04
Abstract: This paper introduced the application and design of a new type of electric telescopic arm. It was applied to sandblasting robots.As the up and down axis of the robot. Considering the actual working environment, performance and cost, the telescopic cylinder finally adopts a 2-stage telescopic structure (a total of 3 arm tubes), which is driven by a servo motor. The first-stage telescopic drive is driven by an electric cylinder, and the second-stage telescopic is made of a wire rope and pulley system. The stage telescopic linkage expands and contracts at a speed twice that of the first stage. As a whole, the second section arm and the third section arm simultaneously operate, the arm tube has the same exposed length, the running speed is fast and stable, the stability is good, and the radial bearing capacity is strong.
Keywords: servo electric cylinder;telescopic arm;sandblasting robot
1 新型伸縮臂的设计要求
笔者在设计一种大型7轴机器人喷砂设备时,其第3轴为垂直上下运动,需要用到伸缩臂(其核心部件为伸缩缸)。由于该机器人喷砂设备在工作参数、安装、防尘等方面具有一些特殊的要求,具体到伸缩臂也有相应的要求:①该伸缩臂要求安装距小、伸缩行程大,伸缩行程达2 500 mm,最小安装尺寸2 100 mm,最大安装尺寸4 600 mm;②要求伸缩臂只能做直线伸缩运动,不能回转;③双向作用,最大运行速度不小于20 m/min,运行平稳可靠,即走即停;④伸缩臂末端位置可实时测控,或通过计算得到;⑤伸缩臂末端行程精度满足喷砂工艺所需最低要求:末端行程精度在±5 mm以内;⑥该伸缩臂垂直安装,上下伸展和收缩,末端最大负载200 kg;⑦末端偏力矩负载,最大偏力矩为200 N·m;⑧有停车自锁功能,防止断电时下滑;⑨机构工作类型为M4;⑩要求抗粉尘污染能力强,因使用环境恶劣,高密度的粉尘,高速飞溅的沙粒,对精密件损害大,防尘要求高;?要求伸缩臂结构紧凑,横截面尺寸小于300 mm ×300 mm;?性价比高。……
