氢气存储及运输技术现状及分析
2021-11-27冯成周雨轩刘洪涛
冯成 周雨轩 刘洪涛
DOI:10.16661/j.cnki.1672-3791.2109-5042-8196
摘 要:氢能作为21世纪最有潜力的二次能源之一,必然将引领下一次能源变革。目前,主要布局的加氢站产业是氢能应用的重要一步,但在加氢站建设过程中,氢能的大规模储存及运输成为一大难题。该文围绕目前主流的几种氢气储存和运输形式综述当前氢气储运技术的现状,同时对其提出了一些分析和建议,明确在氢气长距离储运过程中液氢具有的优势。
关键词:氢能 氢气存储 氢气运输 液氢
中图分类号:TK91 文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-3791(2021)09(a)-0044-03
Current Situation and Analysis of Hydrogen Storage and Transportation Technology
FENG Cheng ZHOU Yuxuan* LIU Hongtao
(Zhejiang Zheneng Aerospace Hydrogen Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310020 China)
Abstract: Hydrogen energy, as one of the most potential secondary energy sources in the 21st century, will inevitably lead the next energy revolution. At present, the main layout of the hydrogenation station industry is an important step in the application of hydrogen energy, but in the process of the construction of the hydrogenation station, the large-scale storage and transportation of hydrogen energy has become a major problem. This paper summarizes the current situation of hydrogen storage and transportation technology around several mainstream hydrogen storage and transportation forms, and puts forward some analysis and suggestions to clarify the advantages of liquid hydrogen in the process of long-distance hydrogen storage and transportation.
Key Words: Hydrogen energy; Hydrogen storage; Hydrogen transport; Liquid hydrogen
當前我国能源结构转型正处在逐步向绿色、低碳、安全、高效转型,实现电气化、智能化、网络化、低碳化的阶段,在2021年的两会中,碳达峰、碳中和、新能源、“氢能”已成为热点话题。“十四五”期间,我国能源增量将主要靠非化石能源,特别是可再生能源提供,非水可再生能源行业要不断创新,占领新能源战略制高点。氢气的应用可以做到整体能源格局向低碳化转型,生产低碳的氢能源已成为我国实现“3060”碳达峰、碳中和目标的重要抓手。
氢气在经过燃料电池或者燃烧后的最终产物为H2O,过程中无CO2排放,也无污染物排放,因此氢能更被视为未来最佳的清洁能源,具有很大的发展潜力。氢能解决现阶段全球环境问题、气候问题、化石能源危机的重要途径,因此其开发和利用成为全球能源发展转型的关键方向[1-2]。
此外,氢能作为一种高效的、优质的、清洁的二次能源,还具备可大规模储存、运输的性质,发展前景大好。……
