马腾

DOI：10.16661/j.cnki.1672-3791.2109-5042-7782

摘  要：动车运用所主要负责动车组日常运用检修，检修库中三层平台渡板的起落控制、动车组设备舱的吹扫除尘、动车组滤网的除尘等作业，均需要压缩空气作为不间断风源，因此动车运用所空压站内压力容器及后处理设备的选型与合理配置是保障动车组检修作业的关键。压力容器及后处理设备的配置不合理，会带来严重的能源浪费，甚至引发压力容器爆炸等安全事故。该文通过对压力容器及后处理设备各组成部分存在的问题和隐患进行逐项分析，通过参数匹配、数值推算、工作原理等方法，使压力容器容积选型、压力容器设计压力值选型、压缩空气干燥机选型与配置等环节得出最优解决方案，为安全生产提供保障，降低生产成本，杜绝安全事故的发生。

关键词：动车运用所   压缩空气   压力容器爆炸   安全事故

中图分类号：U26                            文献标识码：A文章编号：1672-3791（2021）09（a）-0038-03

Study on Selection and Configuration Method of Pressure Vessels and Post-processing Equipment in EMU

Operation Station

MA Teng

（Beijing EMU， China Railway Beijing Bureau Group Co.， Ltd.， Beijing， 102613 China）

Abstract： The EMU operation station is mainly responsible for the daily operation and maintenance of the EMU.Compressed air is required as an uninterrupted air source for the control of the landing of the three-layer platform ferry in the maintenance warehouse， the sweeping and dust removal of the EMU equipment compartment， and the dust removal of the EMU filter. Therefore， the selection and reasonable configuration of the pressure vessel and post-processing equipment in the air compressor station of the EMU are the key to ensuring the maintenance of the EMU. The unreasonable configuration of pressure vessels and post-processing equipment will cause serious energy waste and even cause safety accidents such as pressure vessel explosions. This article analyzes the problems and hidden dangers of each component of the pressure vessel and post-processing equipment item by item， and selects the pressure vessel volume， pressure vessel design pressure value， and compression through parameter matching， numerical calculation， and working principles. Air dryer selection and configuration and other links have reached the optimal solution to provide guarantee for safe production， reduce production costs， and prevent safety accidents.

Key Words： EMU; Compressed air; Pressure vessel explosion; Safety incident

動车运用所空压站压力容器及相关后处理设备主要由止回阀、截止阀、储气罐、初级管道过滤器、冷冻式干燥机（或吸附式干燥机）、精级过滤器、分气缸、压缩空气管路等组成[1]。具体组成示意图如图1所示。

1  压力容器及相关后处理设备选型、配置存在的问题

（1）压力容器容积选型不当。容积选择过大，增加成本投入，不满足现场空间安装;容积选择过小，会造成空压机频繁启停，损耗电能，而且加重空气压缩机工作负担，最终导致设备损坏。

（2）压力容器设计压力值选择不当。设计压力值选择过低，易导致压力容器爆炸;设计压力值选择过高，增加成本投入。……