[摘要]目的：对比研究双曲舌簧牙合垫矫治器增加舌刺装置与不增加舌刺装置矫治替牙期前牙反牙合伴吐舌不良习惯的临床矫正效果。寻找矫治替牙期前牙反牙合矫治的最佳矫治方案。方法：选取临床上就诊的6～10岁的替牙期前牙反牙合伴吐舌不良习惯的患者40例，随机分为两组，每组20例，分别采用双曲舌簧牙合垫矫治器增加舌刺装置与传统的双曲舌簧牙合垫矫治器矫治，观察对比两组病例矫治完成时间、吐舌不良习惯的纠正及复发率情况。结果：增加舌刺矫治装置的双曲舌簧牙合垫矫治器的矫治完成时间明显比没有增加舌刺装置的矫治时间减少了，随访1年复发率明显降低，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：应用双曲舌簧牙合垫矫治器增加舌刺装置矫治替牙期前牙反牙合可获得良好的矫治效果，复发率相对较低，值得临床借鉴和推广。

[关键词]前牙反牙合;舌刺;牙合垫矫治器;舌习惯;早期矫治

[中图分类号]R783.5    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）06-0133-03

The Application of Tongue Spurs in the Orthodontic Treatment of the Bad Habit of Tongue Spitting Associated with the Reverse Occlusion of Anterior Teeth During the Dental Replacement Period

WU Hong

（Department of Stomatology，Shenyang ChildrenHospital，Shenyang Medical College，Shenyang  110032，Liaoning，China）

Abstract：Objective To compare the efficacy of the maxillary occlusal pad appliance with and without tongue crib in correcting mixed dentition anterior crossbite with tongue-thrust. Methods  Forty patients （age 6 to 10 years） in need of orthodontic treatment for the mixed dentition anterior crossbite with tongue-thrust were randomly allocated to with and without tongue crib group （20 patients in each group）. All the patients received the traditional the maxillary occlusal pad appliance treatment. The main outcomes were the complete treatment time， correction of tongue-thrust， and recurrence rate. Results  The patients with the tongue crib showed significantly shortened complete treatment time than those without （P<0.05）. In addition， the recurrence rate was lower in the tongue crib and maxillary occlusal pad appliance group during one year follow-up. Conclusion  Use of the maxillary occlusal pad appliance with tongue crib in the treatment of the mixed dentition anterior crossbite with tongue-thrust can improve the correction effect and reduce recurrence rate.

key words：anterior crossbite;tongue crib;occlusal pad appliance;tongue-thrust;early orthodontic treatment

口腔不良习惯是一种影响口腔颌面部系统发育非常有害的行为习惯。破坏了口周内外的动力平衡，尤其是在生长发育期的儿童，不同原因引起的静态和动态舌位[1]位置异常的问题都会严重影响口腔颌面系统的功能及正常面部形态的形成，是造成儿童时期前牙反牙合的原因之一[2]。儿童期的前牙反牙合对于颌骨颅面发育、咀嚼功能、发音功能，颜面部美观及孩子的心理健康以及全身骨骼肌肉都有很严重的影响，乳牙期及替牙时期的前牙反牙合可随着儿童的持续生长及发育而逐渐加重，使得矫治的疗程长、难度增加，严重影响患儿生长发育及身心健康[3-4]。……