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稳定期白癜风患者组织液sICAM-1水平与临床特征的相关性分析

2021-11-22杨雪松付彧毛慧玲颜令义房庆华哈达吕晓红刘灵陶宇

中国美容医学 2021年6期
关键词:节段白斑白癜风

杨雪松 付彧 毛慧玲 颜令义 房庆华 哈达 吕晓红 刘灵 陶宇

[摘要]目的:探究穩定期白癜风患者皮肤组织液sICAM-1水平的表达变化及与临床特征的关联性。方法:选择30例笔者医院收治确诊的稳定期白癜风患者为研究对象,其中寻常型20例,节段型10例,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对白斑处和非白斑处皮肤组织液中的sICAM-1水平进行对比分析,并由专人记录患者的临床特征。结果:对稳定期白癜风患者的皮肤组织液sICAM-1水平进行检测:①寻常型白斑处sICAM-1水平明显高于非白斑处(P<0.05),且高于节段型(P<0.05);②白斑处sICAM-1水平与病程呈负相关性(P<0.05),寻常型和节段型白斑处sICAM-1水平与病程均呈负相关性(P<0.05);③白斑处sICAM-1水平与皮损面积呈正相关性(P<0.05);④节段型白斑处sICAM-1水平与年龄呈负相关性(P<0.05);⑤寻常型皮损面积大于节段型(P<0.05)。结论:稳定期白癜风患者白斑处皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平表达异常,且与患者病程和皮损面积有关。

[关键词]白癜风;可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1;病程;皮损面积;年龄

[中图分类号]R758.4+1    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455(2021)06-0083-03

Correlation Analysis between the sICAM-1 in the Skin Tissue Fluid with Stable Vitiligo and Clinical Characteristics

YANG Xue-song1,FU Yu2,MAO Hui-ling3,YAN Ling-yi1,FANG Qing-hua1,HA Da1,LV Xiao-hong1,LIU Ling1,TAO Yu1

(1.Department of Dermatology,Daqing Longnan Hospital,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University,Daqing 163453,Heilongjiang, China;2. Department of General Surgery,Daqing Oilfield General Hospital,Daqing 163001, Heilongjiang,China;3. Department of Science and Technology Management,Daqing Longnan Hospital,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Daqing 163453,Heilongjiang,China)

Abstract: Objective  The correlation analysis between the sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid with stable vitiligo and clinical characteristics were investigated. Methods Selected 30 patients with stable vitiligo, including 20 patients with vitiligo vulgaris and 10 patients with segmental vitiligo.The levels of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid at white spots and non-white spots were compared and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The patient's clinical characteristics were recorded by the same person. Results  The levels of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid with stable vitiligo were detected: ①The levels of sICAM-1 in the white spots with vitiligo vulgaris was significantly higher than that in the non-white spots (P<0.05), and higher than that with segmental vitiligo (P<0.05). ②There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and course of disease in white spots (P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and course of disease in white spots with vitiligo vulgaris(P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and course of disease in white spots with segmental vitiligo(P<0.05).③There was a positive correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and lesion area in white spots(P<0.05). ④There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and age in white spots with segmental vitiligo(P<0.05). ⑤The lesion area of vitiligo vulgaris was larger than that of segmental vitiligo (P<0.05). Conclusion  The expression of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid with stable vitiligo was abnormal, which was related to the course of disease and lesion area.

Key words: vitiligo; sICAM-1; course of disease;lesion area;age

白癜风是一种自身免疫功能出现障碍导致黑素细胞特异性损伤的疾病[1-2],其发生发展和自身免疫失衡有关[3]。体内的细胞因子可以通过合成和分泌的相互反馈以及调节作用、其受体表达的相互影响调节作用、生物学效应的影响等,形成一个非常复杂的免疫调节网络[4-5]。国外研究发现,在患者的白斑处真皮中淋巴细胞上移至表皮,且黑素细胞的破坏与淋巴细胞的浸润同步出现,推测两者之间存在联系[6]。细胞间黏附分子(ICAM-1)是淋巴细胞功能相关抗原(LFA-1)的特異性配体,经研究证实其在淋巴细胞攻击黑素细胞中发挥重要的连接作用[7]。而可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)是ICAM-1的脱落循环形式,血清中ICAM-1表达增加,其脱落形式sICAM-1表达也相应增加[8]。本研究检测稳定期白癜风患者皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平,探究其与白癜风患者临床特征的关联性,现报道如下。

1  资料和方法

1.1 一般资料:按照白癜风的诊断标准及分期标准[9-10]选择2014年1月-2014年12月在笔者医院收治的30例白癜风稳定期患者为研究独享,其中男14例,女16例,年龄16~72岁,病程6个月~15年,记录患者的皮损面积,以百分比表示。患者均签署知情同意书。排除标准:①患有严重心脑血管疾病、肝肾疾病、感染、肿瘤及其他自身免疫性疾病者;②检测前1个月内接受免疫治疗者。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 收集皮肤组织液:采用负压吸引仪分别在稳定期患者的白斑处和非白斑处负压吸疱,2h后可见较为明显的水疱,使用一次性无菌注射器采集白斑处和非白斑处的疱液,并将其放置于-20℃冰箱中存放待检。

1.2.2 RIA kit检测皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平:RIA kit购于上海恪敏生物科技有限公司,测量仪器为DFM-96型放射免疫γ计数器,严格参照RIA kit中的操作说明书进行检测。

1.2.3 记录白癜风患者的临床特征:病程以月(m)为单位,年龄以岁(y)为单位。皮损面积(%)采用“手掌法”测量,即嘱患者五指并拢,1个手掌面积为1%。

1.3 统计学分析:采用SPSS 16.0软件进行数据统计分析,计量资料以均数±标准差(x?±s)表示,组间对比采用t检验,以α=0.05为检验统计标准;数据正态分布采用单样本K-S检验,相关性分析采用Pearson检验。

2  结果

2.1 稳定期白癜风患者皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平:寻常型稳定期白癜风患者在白斑处的皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平明显高于非白斑处,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在节段型患者的白斑处和非白斑处皮肤组织中sICAM-1水平没有发生明显变化,无统计学意义(P>0.05),寻常型白斑处sICAM-1水平高于节段型白斑处(P<0.05),寻常型非白斑处sICAM-1水平和节段型无明显差异(P>0.05)。见表1。

2.2 sICAM-1水平与患者病程的关系:采用Pearson相关性分析发现稳定期白癜风患者白斑处皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平与患者的病程呈负相关性(r=-0.481,P<0.05);寻常型白斑处sICAM-1水平与患者病程呈负相关性(r=-0.592,P<0.05);节段型白斑处sICAM-1水平与患者病程呈负相关性(r=-0.792,P<0.05)。见图1。

2.3 sICAM-1水平与患者皮损面积的关系:采用Pearson相关性分析发现稳定期白癜风患者白斑处皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平与患者皮损面积呈正相关性(r=0.635,P<0.05),寻常型患者白斑处皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平与患者的皮损面积无相关性(r=0.380,P=0.099>0.05),节段型患者白斑处皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平与患者的皮损面积无相关性(r=0.570,P=0.086>0.05),见图2。

2.4 sICAM-1水平与患者年龄的关系:采用Pearson相关性分析发现白癜风稳定期患者白斑处皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平与患者年龄无相关性(P>0.05),寻常型白斑处sICAM-1水平与患者年龄无相关性(P>0.05),节段型白斑处皮肤组织液中sICAM-1水平与患者年龄呈负相关性(P<0.05),见图3。

2.5 稳定期不同分型白癜风患者皮损面积比较:寻常型稳定期白癜风患者皮损面积(8.80±5.50)与节段型皮损面积(2.30±1.74)比较有显著性差异,具有统计学意义(t=4.827,P<0.05)。

3  讨论

ICAM-1是白癜风发病机制中的重要分子,Kaufman HL等[11]将表达ICAM-1的痘瘤病毒注射至转移性黑素瘤患者的局部皮肤,23.08%的病例发生了白癜风,推测其介导的免疫反应导致了局部微环境异常。ICAM-1对判断白癜风的活动程度以及临床分型也有着指示作用,Camara-Lemarroy CR等[12]研究发现白癜风患者处于进展期时,sICAM-1在血清中有较高表达,推测其可作为白癜风活动与否的指标之一。国内学者发现[13-15],进展期其表达水平显著高于稳定期,稳定期与健康人群无异,泛发型高于局限型,稳定期和局限型无差异。治疗后其水平明显降低,且降低程度越大,疗效越好。

本研究对稳定期白癜风患者的皮肤组织液sICAM-1水平进行了检测,发现寻常型白斑处的sICAM-1水平明显高于非白斑处(P<0.05),也高于节段型白斑处(P<0.05),提示白癜风皮损处sICAM-1水平存在表达异常,且与临床分型有关;运用Pearson分析,将sICAM-1水平与白癜风的病程、皮损面积及年龄进行相关性统计,发现白斑处sICAM-1水平与病程呈负相关性(P<0.05),与皮损面积呈正相关性(P<0.05),而节段型sICAM-1水平与年龄呈负相关性(P<0.05),提示白癜风皮损处sICAM-1水平与白癜风临床特征(病程、皮损面积和年龄)存在联系,而且是随着病程越长,因子水平逐渐降低,皮损面积越大,因子水平越高以及年龄越大,节段型因子水平越低的趋势,通过这样的趋势分析,对判断白癜风的临床分期和分型、指导临床治疗以及判断预后有重要的启示意义,也为进一步探究sICAM-1水平与白癜风发生发展的关系以及治疗后sICAM-1水平的变化规律情况奠定了前期研究基础,并将有可能获得治疗新思路。

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[收稿日期]2020-06-19

本文引用格式:杨雪松,付彧,毛慧玲,等.稳定期白癜风患者组织液sICAM-1水平与临床特征的相关性分析[J].中国美容医学,2021,30(6):83-86.

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