吴春花 《建筑技艺》（AT）执行主编

北京2022年冬奥会即将开幕，一座座居于城市、隐于山林的奥运场馆渐渐进入人们的视野。当真正身处其中，那不仅仅是一座奥运建筑，也是建筑师对复杂工艺与生态山林的科学操作，更是建筑师对人工与自然的理想建构。基于此，本期“AT建筑”选择了位于延庆赛区的国家雪车雪橇中心——“雪游龙”，邀请建筑师李兴钢及其团队带领我们一起探寻其中“自然与感知的拟合”。

如果说，在“鸟巢”巨大的钢结构屋顶行走，屋面如山，城市如海市蜃楼一般，这是一种人工对“城市自然”的巧妙介入；那么，在国家雪车雪橇中心随赛道蜿蜒的屋顶步道漫游，近处木瓦屋面连绵，远处无尽山水环绕，就是人工与“真实自然”的交融互成。当然，建筑对自然或胜景的关注，远不止于传统人文的环境美学，还增加了科学的调控与精确的拟合。这种科学性与拟合，体现在因雪车雪橇运动而决定的南坡选址、单向敞开、地形气候保护系统；也体现在贴合运动员尺度的曲面赛道，赛道精确工艺下的高强混凝土手工喷射；还体现在复杂地形室外场地与建筑的BIM融合设计，单边悬挑胶合木梁的CNC精确加工；更有13m悬挑木梁与混凝土配重自然形成的屋顶步道，与朴素的木瓦屋面一起，向人、自然舒展延伸。这是一种传承于传统园林营造“因借体宜”，又有所发展的生态营造思想，“现代感”“抽象形式”“材料质感”“手工特征”“精密度”等，都在不知不觉中延伸了人的身体和感官知觉。

正如建筑师李兴钢提出的“胜景几何”——一种对当代建筑学进行修正的可能性，一种将“自然”纳入建筑本体要素之中的新建筑及空间营造范式，面向现实和未来，面向人类及其普适的人性和生命理想。建筑师的人工造物或情境营造，大抵就是一种无限接近理想空间亦或诗意生活的乌托邦之梦吧！

The Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games is opening soon,the Olympic venues locating in cities and hiding in mountains and forests gradually enter people's vision.There are not only the Olympic architecture,but also the architect's scientific operation of complex technology and ecological mountains and forests with the construction of artificial and natural.Therefore,"AT Special" chose the National Sliding Center located in Yanqing,and invited the architect Li Xinggang and his team to lead us to explore the"The Fitting of Nature and Sense".

If walking on the huge steel roof of the Bird's Nest,the roof is like a mountain,and the city is like a mirage,it is a kind of artificial intervention in the "Urban Nature".Like this,walking along the winding roof trails of the National Sliding Center,with the near shingle roof and the far endless landscape,it is the fusion of artificial and "Real Nature".Of course,the attention of architecture to nature or scenic spots is not only the traditional humanistic environmental aesthetics,but also adds scientific regulation and accurate fitting.This scientific and fitting reflect in not only the south slope site selection,one-side opening and TWPS,but also the curved track which fits the athlete's scale,the high-strength concrete sprayed manually under the precise process of the track,the BIM integration design of outdoor sites and buildings in complex terrain,the CNC accurate processing of single-sided cantilever glued wood beams,and the roof walkway naturally formed by 13m cantilever wooden beam and concrete counterweight extends to people and nature together with the simple wooden tile roof.This is a kind of ecological construction thought inherited from the traditional garden construction,which is "Depending on Suitability" and has been developed."Modern Sense","Abstract Form","Material Texture","Manual Characteristics" and"Precision" have unconsciously extended people's body and sensory perception.

Just as the architect Li Xinggang put forward the "Integrated Geometry and Poetic Scenery",a new architecture and space creation paradigm that incorporates "Nature" into the architectural noumenon elements,facing the reality and future,and the human nature and universal life ideal.The architect's artificial creation or situational creation is probably a utopian dream that is infinitely close to the ideal space or poetic life.