刘艳芳，刘志文，孙玉合，杨爱国，李凤霞

摘  要：為了鉴定项目组发现的K326雄性不育自然突变株SK01与生产应用的不育胞质sua-CMS的异同，分析其在烟草育种和生产中的应用潜力，本研究以tab1-CMS不育系SK01和其同核异质系K326为母本，分别与4个烤烟品种杂交构建2组F1代杂交种，在两个地点和人工气候室中比较8个F1代以及SK01和K326之间的主要农艺性状和抗病性差异，开展了tab1-CMS特异的DNA标记筛选。结果表明，SK01细胞质增强烟草杂交种F1代对CMV、黑胫病的抗性，对株高、茎围等农艺性状以及PVY、TMV抗性无显著的细胞质效应;叶绿体基因组trnC-trnD基因区间，扩增到可有效区分烟草不育胞质类型的1个588 bp的特异性片段。本研究发现的不育胞质tab1-CMS与生产应用的sua-CMS类型不育系有明显差异，对农艺性状和抗病性无明显的不利影响，是一种有一定应用潜力的不育细胞质新突变类型。

关键词：烟草;细胞质雄性不育;农艺性状;抗病性;特征标记

Cytoplasmic Effects and Specific Molecular Markers of Tobacco Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line SK01

LIU Yanfang1，2， LIU Zhiwen3， SUN Yuhe1， YANG Aiguo1， LI Fengxia1*

（1. Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Qingdao 266101， China; 2. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100081， China; 3. East China Normal University， Shanghai 201100， China）

Abstract： Cytoplasmic male sterile line （CMS line） is an effective genetic tool for tobacco hybrid breeding. At present， there is a single type of CMS used in tobacco hybrid breeding in China. In order to identify the similarities and differences between the male sterile natural mutant SK01 and the sterile cytoplasm used in production， and to analyze its application potential in tobacco breeding and production， tab1-CMS sterile line SK01 and its homokaryon heterogeneous line K326 were used as the female parents in crossing with four flue-cured tobacco varieties to construct two sets of F1 hybrids. Eight F1 lines， SK01 and K326 were compared in two locations in the field or in artificial climate rooms. The main agronomic traits and disease resistance differences between tab1-CMS-specific DNA marker screening were carried out. The results showed that the SK01 cytoplasm enhanced the resistance of tobacco hybrid F1 to CMV and black shank， and had no significant cytoplasmic effect on resistance to PVY and TMV， plant height， stem circumference or other agronomic traits. A 588 bp specific fragment was amplified from the trnC-trnD gene interval of the chloroplast genome， to that can effectively distinguish the sterile cytoplasm of tobacco. It shows that the sterile cytoplasmic tab1-CMS identified in this study is significantly different from the sua-CMS type sterile line used in production and has no obvious adverse effects on agronomic traits and disease resistance. It is a new type of cytoplasmicsterility with certain application potential.

Keywords： tobacco; cytoplasmic male sterility; agronomic traits; disease resistance; characteristic markers

细胞质雄性不育（cytoplasmic male sterility， CMS）是植物因雄蕊退化、花粉败育或功能不育等原因造成的雄蕊不能正常授粉而雌蕊功能正常的一种母性遗传性状。杂种优势是作物提高单产、改进品质、增强抗逆的重要途经[1]。利用雄性不育系生产杂交种可降低种子生产成本并保证种子的纯度，水稻、十字花科蔬菜等多种植物的杂交种在生产中具有重要地位。烟草（Nicotiana tabacum）杂种优势明显，杂种F1代在生长势、生长量、抗逆性以及品质等方面都比双亲平均值有明显提高[2]。杂交种逐渐成为烟草品种培育的趋势。……