一步法快速构建长片段RNAi发夹的载体
2021-11-14刘廷利郭冬姝姚瑶张保龙
刘廷利 郭冬姝 姚瑶 张保龙



摘要: 利用RNA干扰(RNA interference, RNAi)技术可以进行基因功能研究以及作物遗传改良,但常规构建RNAi载体方法费时费力。本研究报道了一种基于 USER 酶一步法快速构建RNAi发夹结构的载体2301/RNAi/OS及其应用方法,操作简便,省时省力。与已报道的利用酶切连接、Gateway兼容的同源重组或PCR直接连接等构建RNAi载体相比,该载体不需要酶切片段,片段扩增完成后即可与制备好的线性化载体进行反应,缩短操作流程和时间,提高成功率;该载体对插入片段的酶切位点和长度没有要求,理论上任何位置和长度的片段均可进入2301/RNAi/OS载体中,尤其是长片段RNAi的构建。本试验以本氏烟( Nicotiana benthamiana ) PDS ( Phytoene desaturase ) 基因为例,利用农杆菌介导的瞬时表达体系验证了该RNAi能够在植物体内有效地实现基因沉默。该载体以新霉素磷酸转移酶基因( NPTII )作为筛选标记基因,可以利用卡那霉素(Kanamycin)和G418(Geneticin)等抗生素筛选转基因阳性植株,适合单子叶和双子叶植物的遗传转化。
关键词: RNA干扰(RNAi); USER 酶; 一步法; 载体构建; 基因沉默
中图分类号: Q782 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-4440(2021)05-1131-06
A one-step method for rapid construction of long-fragment RNA interference vector
LIU Ting-li, GUO Dong-shu, YAO Yao, ZHANG Bao-long
(Excellence and Innovation Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China)
Abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) technology can be used for gene function research and crop genetic improvement, but the conventional construction method of RNAi vector is time-consuming and laborious. In this research, we provide a one-step method for rapid construction of long-fragment RNAi vector using uracil-specific excision reagent ( USER ) enzyme. The method is simple, time-saving and labor-saving. Compared with the reported RNAi vectors constructed by restriction enzyme ligation method, Gateway compatible homologous recombination method and PCR direct ligation method, this vector dose not need enzyme digestion fragments. After the fragment amplification is completed, it can react with the prepared lineurized vector. Therefore, the operation process and time are shortened, and the success rate is improved. This vector has no requirements for the restriction site and length of the inserted fragment. Using neomycin phosphotransferase ( NPTII ) as selective marker gene in this vector, kanamycin and geneticin (G418) can be used to screen transgenic positive plants. It is suitable for genetic transformation of dicot and monocot plants.
Key words: RNA interference(RNAi); USER enzyme; one-step method; vector construction; gene silencing
Fire等發现双链RNA (dsRNA)可引发线虫体内的基因沉默,并将这一现象命名为RNA干扰(RNAi)。真核生物体内形成的双链RNA或部分双链RNA发夹结构可被双链RNA专一的核酸内切酶 Dicer 或 Dicer-like ( DCL ) 剪切,产生的siRNA (Small interference RNA)形成RNA诱导沉默复合体(RNA-induced silencing complex, RISC),通过RNA碱基序列间的碱基互补配对识别靶标基因并抑制靶标基因的表达 [1-2] 。
根据RNAi的原理,人为地在细胞内表达与靶标基因互补配对的具有回文结构的序列,利用细胞内源的RNAi元件,可以阻断某个基因的表达或降低某个基因的表达量,引起细胞或组织内相应基因表达量下降,产生相应的表型。……
