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网络化治理视角下美国儿童青少年体力活动促进研究

2021-11-13王学坤龚俊丽岳建军

安徽师范大学学报 2021年6期

王学坤 龚俊丽 岳建军

【教育研究】 DOI:10.14182/j.cnki.j.anu.2021.06.014

关键词:体力活动;综合性学校体力活动计划;网络化治理;阳光体育运动;身体素养

摘 要:梳理美国学校、社区、家庭协同促进儿童青少年体力活动的要素与机制,可为我国学校、社区、家庭协同促进儿童青少年体力活动提供参考。采用文献资料法、实地考察法和专家访谈法等方法,以儿童青少年体力活动网络化治理为研究对象,分析美国儿童青少年综合学校体力活动计划网络化治理的主体、结构与机制,构建本土促进理论,以优质体育教育为基础,以学校主导、多元参与为主体,以“大体育教育观”为引领,注重体育教育领导力培养,完善我国儿童青少年体力活动网络化治理的支撑系统。

中图分类号:G811.5文献标志码:A文章编号:1001-2435(2021)06-0143-12

Research on Physical Activity Promotion of American Children and Adolescents from the Perspective of Network Governance

WANG Xue-kun,Gong Jun-li,YUE Jian-jun(School of PE,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu Anhui 241002,China)

Key words:physical activity;Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programme;network governance;Sunny Sports;physical literacy

Abstract:The factors and mechanisms of the collaborative promotion of physical activity among schools, communities and families in the United States can provide reference for the collaborative promotion of physical activity among schools, communities and families in China. Using the methods of literature,fieldwork and expert interviews and taking networked governance of physical activity promotion among children and adolescents as research object, this paper analyzes the subject, the structure and mechanisms of the networked governance of the Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program in the United States. On this basis,a local and facilitative theory is proposed,which is based on high-quality physical education,taking  the  school-led,multi-participation  as  the  main  body,taking  the"Great  Sports  Education  Concept"as  the  lead and focusing on the training of physical education leadership to build a supportive system for the networked governance of physical activity among children and adolescents in China.

当前,儿童青少年体质健康状况已成为困扰我国学校体育发展的重大问题之一,与社会经济发展之间的不协调与日俱增。国家陆续出台了一系列促进青少年体质健康的政策法规,力度持续加大,由“常规治理”逐渐转入“运动型治理”[1]。但是,儿童青少年体质普遍下降,肥胖率居高不下等问题仍然亟待解决;儿童青少年体力活动参与现状,仍然不容乐观。2016年5月,国务院办公厅《关于强化学校体育促进学生身心健康全面发展的意见》(国办发[2016]27号)指出:“学校体育仍是整个教育事业相对薄弱的环节,体育课和课外体育活动时间不能保证,社会力量支持学校体育的发展不够,学生体质健康水平仍是学生素质的明显短板。……

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