APP下载

不同配比育苗基质对番茄幼苗生长的影响

2021-11-12冯雪锋,许雷,张梦恩,刘慧聪,张志芳

农业研究与应用 2021年4期
关键词:影响

冯雪锋,许雷,张梦恩,刘慧聪,张志芳

摘 要:为筛选合适的番茄育苗基质,通过以农业废弃物牛粪、花生壳、蛭石等为材料,并按照一定比例制成5种不同配比的育苗基质,以通用基质(成分为河沙、珍珠岩、竹削)为对照,对其物理性状以及供试品种黑珍珠番茄幼苗生长的前期进行了研究。研究结果初步表明:不同配方育苗基质的容重为0.47~0.81g·cm-3,总孔隙度为69.33%~83.03%,持水孔隙度为52.37%~66.02%,pH在7.20~7.97;综合番茄幼苗的形态指标,T3配方(牛粪:花生壳:蛭石:通用基质=2∶2∶4∶2)有利于番茄幼苗的生长,长势最强,其株高、茎粗、地上地下部干鲜重最好,壮苗指数、出苗率最高,可用作番茄育苗基质。

关键词:育苗基质;番茄;影响

中图分类号:S641.2                   文献标识码:A1

Effects of Different Substrate Proportions on Tomato Seedlings Growth

FENG Xuefeng,XU Lei,ZHANG Mengen,

LIU Huicong,ZHANG Zhifang

(College of Landscape Architecture,Shangqiu University,Shangqiu,

Henan 476000, China)

Abstract: To screen the suitable seedling substrate for tomato, using cow dung, peanut shell and vermiculite as material and the general substrate (river sand, perlite and bamboo cutting) as CK, we made five different seedling substrates in a certain proportion to study their physical characteristics and the effect on the pre-growth of tomato seeding. The results showed that bulk density of seedling substrate is 0.47~0.81 g/cm3, total porosity is 69. 33%~83.03%, the water porosity is 52.37% ~70.06%, and pH is 7.20~7.97; According to the comprehensive morphological indicators of tomato seedlings, T3 formula (cow dung: peanut shell : vermiculite : general substrate = 2 :2 :4 :2) is conducive to the growth of tomato seedlings. Seedlings grew vigorously, the plant height, stem thick, ground and underground dry and fresh weight were best, and the strong seedling index and seeding rate were highest on T3 formula. So T3 formula can be used as the seedling substrate for tomato.

Key words: Seedling substrate; tomato, influence

番茄是我國设施栽培的主要蔬菜之一,具有产量和效益双高等特点,且富含维生素C、番茄红素等营养成分,备受消费者青睐。当前我国番茄种植和加工规模已位列世界第三,出口约占世界贸易量的30%[1]。番茄幼苗质量对番茄产量以及品质等有着至关重要的影响,因此培育番茄壮苗是番茄增产增收的重要基础。随着蔬菜产业的发展和工厂化农业的推进,育苗也由传统的土方育苗、营养钵育苗,逐渐发展为以穴盘育苗为主的工厂化育苗[2]。

基质是蔬菜集约化育苗体系中的重要组成部分,不仅可以对植物起到固定、支撑作用,而且还为蔬菜种子萌发、幼苗生长提供所需的水分和矿质养分[3]。目前的研究已经发现腐熟的菌渣、花生壳、秸秆、牛粪等农业废弃物等可代替草炭作为番茄育苗基质。……

登录APP查看全文

猜你喜欢

影响
哪些顾虑影响担当?
影响大师
没错,痛经有时也会影响怀孕
扩链剂联用对PETG扩链反应与流变性能的影响
基于Simulink的跟踪干扰对跳频通信的影响
APRIL siRNA对SW480裸鼠移植瘤的影响
对你有重要影响的人