邹英武 杜洋文 黄发新 徐春永 邓先珍 张国际

摘 要： 以1 a生薄殼山核桃实生苗为研究对象，探讨浇施不同浓度尿素溶液对薄壳山核桃实生苗净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、光合有效辐射等12个生理生态因子日变化的影响，以及各生理生态因子间的相关关系，为培育薄壳山核桃优质砧木提供合理施肥依据。采用完全随机试验设计，测定分别浇施0.3%、0.6%、0.9%浓度尿素溶液和对照处理薄壳山核桃实生苗的净光合速率等12个生理生态因子的日变化进程，并采用相关分析分析各因子间的相关关系，采用主成分分析法和通径分析法分析各生理生态因子对净光合速率的直接和间接影响。结果表明：薄壳山核桃实生苗净光合速率日变化曲线呈“双峰型”，有明显“午休”现象;各生理生态因子与净光合速率存在密切的相关关系，空气相对湿度是净光合速率变化的主要决策因子，气孔限制值也是重要的决策因子，蒸腾速率是净光合速率变化的主要限制因子;浇施不同浓度尿素溶液的薄壳山核桃实生苗具有比不施肥苗木更高光合效率，以0.6%浓度尿素溶液具有更高净光合速率;提高薄壳山核桃实生苗生长环境的空气相对湿度和限制苗木的蒸腾速率是提高薄壳山核桃实生苗净光合速率的重要措施。

关键词： 薄壳山核桃;施肥;日变化;净光合速率

中图分类号：S664.1   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1004-3020（2021）05-0001-07

Effects of Different Fertilizing Concentrations on Photosynthetic

Traits of Carya illinoensis Seedlings

Zou Yingwu（1） Du Yangwen（2，3） Huang Faxin（2，3） Xu Chunyong（2，3） Deng Xianzhen（2，3） Zhang Guoji（4）

（1.Wunaoshan Forest Farm of Macheng City Macheng 436010 ;2.Hubei Academy of Forestry Wuhan 430075;

3.Huanggang Normal University，

aHubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization

bHubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation

of Dabie Mountains Huanggang 438000;4.Macheng City Forestry Bureau Macheng 436100）

Abstract： To discuss effects of different fertilizing concentrations on the diurnal variation of 12 physiological ecological factors of Carya illinoensis，such as net photosynthetic rate，stomata conductance，intercellular CO2 concentration，photosynthetic active radiation，thus providing rational fertilization basis for cultivating high-quality stock.The completely randomized trial was used to determine the diurnal variation of 12 physiological ecological factors of C. illinoensis seedlings，which were doused 0.3%，0.6%，0.9% and controlling the concentration of urea solution without fertilization.The correlation relationship among factors was analyzed by correlation analysis，and the direct and indirect effects of physiological ecological factors on the net photosynthetic rate were analyzed by the main component analysis and the path analysis.It showed that the diurnal curve of net photosynthetic rate had a bimodal pattern and a clear midday depression.There was a close correlation between physiological ecological factors and net photosynthetic rate，the direct impact of the physiological ecological factors on net photosynthetic rate occurred in the order of relative humidity of air> stomata limitation> transpiration rate，the relative humidity of air was the primary determining factor，and the stomata limitation was the main limiting factor for net photosynthetic rate. The different fertilization concentration seedlings had higher photolytic efficiency than the non-fertilization seedlings，and the net photosynthetic rate of C.illinoensis seedlings with 0.6% concentration urea solution was the highest.Improving the relative humidity of air in the growth environment of C.illinoensis seedlings and limiting the transpiration rate of seedlings were important measure to improve the net photosynthetic rate.

Key words： Carya illinoensis;fertilization;diurnal variation;net photosynthetic rate

薄壳山核桃Carya illinoensis又名美国山核桃、长山核桃，是胡桃科山核桃属落叶乔木，种仁油脂含量高达70%～85%，是重要的木本油料树种和干果[1]。在我……