俞书涵 洪昕晨

摘要：综合性医院气味景观对开展医疗活动和康养有重要意义，构建有效的评价体系是提高综合性医院设计质量的前置条件。本文以厦门长庚医院为例，采用专家质询法和AHP法，从植物因素、自然非生物因素、人工因素 3 个准则层因素对综合性医院气味景观进行评价，对应的指标层因素涵盖灌木叶子的气味、灌木花朵的气味、乔木叶子的气味、乔木花朵的气味、草地的气味、土壤的气味、水体散发的气味、假山置石的气味、消毒水的气味、汽车尾气的气味、垃圾的气味等11个方面。通过评价指标权重归一划处理和评价指标权重排序，最终构建综合性医院气味景观评价体系，应用AHP法计算评价指标的权重。结果显示：准则层中的植物因素占比为0.592、人工因素占比为0.2702、自然因素占比为0.1378。在此基础上提出综合性医院气味景观的规划策略，为今后系统和科学地进行综合性医院气味景观研究提供了参考依据。

关键词：气味景观;综合性医院;景观评价

中图分类号：TU986

Abstract：The smell landscape of general hospitals is of great significance to the development of medical activities and health activities. To construct an effective evaluation system is the precondition for improving the design quality of general hospitals. This paper constructs a comprehensive hospital odor landscape evaluation system with three index levels and eleven index levels， and uses the AHP method to calculate the weight of the evaluation index. The results show that the plant factors in the criterion level account for 0.592， artificial factors 0.2702 and natural factors 0.1378.On this basis， the planning strategy of general hospital smellscape is put forward， which provides a reference for the systematic and scientific study of general hospital odor landscape in the future.

Key words：Smellscape; General hospital; Landscape evaluation

医院公共空间景观设计从早年注重基础硬件设施建设的基建型观赏景观，逐渐发展为康复性景观和医院公共景观的融合型功能景观。后疫情时代，医患对于医院景观的康复性需求日益增加。医院景观的康复性不仅能为医务人员和病人提供良好的绿色行医、就医环境，更是有利于帮助患者实现“生理”和“心理”的双重疗愈[1]。

在医院户外景观研究领域，张琳琪运用层次分析法分析了综合性医院户外景观的康复性评价因子，并构建了合理有效的评价体系[2]。……