微生物菌剂作为肥料增效剂对樱花及红枫生长的影响
2021-11-07沈登锋魏斌洪春桃娄明华蒋笑丽章建红
沈登锋 魏斌 洪春桃 娄明华 蒋笑丽 章建红


摘 要 为降低宁波地区主要花木品种‘染井吉野’樱花及红枫培育过程中的化肥用量,通过使用微生物菌剂作为肥料增效剂降低复合肥的用量,分别在2个品种1年生地栽苗中开展试验。结果表明:微生物菌剂有助于复合肥的减量使用。在‘染井吉野’樱花试验中,试验期内肥料使用减量30%以内对于苗木的地径生长无影响;在红枫试验中,前2年复合肥减量30%以内对幼苗地径生长无影响,第3年后减量20%以上时则影响苗木的地径生长量。
关键词 微生物菌剂;樱花;红枫;肥料用量;地径生长
中图分类号:S753.53 文献标识码:A doi:10.13601/j.issn.1005-5215.2021.05.009
Abstract In order to reduce the usage of fertilizers in the cultivation of Prunus × yedoensis and Acer palmatum in Ningbo Area during the cultivation,the appllication of microbial inoculants as fertilizer synergists was taken to reduce the usage of compound fertilizers. the one-year-old seedlings of two varieties were treated according to the experimental design. Result shows that the microbial inoculants can help reach aims of reduced use of compound fertilizers. In Prunus × yedoensis treatments,the reduction of fertilizer usage within 30% in three years has no adverse effect on growth of seedlings;in Acer palmatum ,the reduction within 30% in the first two years has no adverse effect on the growth of seedlings,and the third year after reducing the usage of compound fertilizers by more than 20%,it affected the ground diameter growth of seedlings.
Key words microbial inoculants; Prunus × yedoensis; Acer palmatum; fertilizer dosage; ground diameter growth
在花木种植过程中为促进苗木迅速生长,多数经营户存在肥料使用過量、同一地块种植年份长、肥料使用单一等情况,由此带来土壤板结、微生物群落数量减少、颗粒物理结构改变等情况[1],影响土地的可持续利用;另一方面,在地表径流的影响下部分肥料进入水系,引起水体的富营养化进而影响水质等问题[2]。为防止面源污染的加重和土壤条件的持续恶化,有机肥替代化肥[3]、圃地使用绿肥[4]和土壤微生物菌剂施用[5]等方法都在土壤改良中有所应用,均有良好的效果,可有效减少化肥的施用量和改善土壤微生物群落结构。
微生物在土壤生态系统中具有重要的地位,其参与调节养分循环转化和有机质的分解等。土壤微生物群落组成是土壤生态系统和功能的重要评价指标。土壤细菌在土壤微生物中占比达70%~90%,易受外界环境的干扰[6],如施肥方式、肥料类型、林地管理等均会影响群落结构。……
