栗晓杰　高雅　郭凤刚　许紫光摘?要：本文研究了电池系统在低温下采用液热和加热膜加热方式下的充电性能，实验表明不同加热方式电池系统的充电容量和能量接近，但温升速率、充电时间以及充电末端温差有明显差异。-20℃下电池系统采用液热串联和并联方式温升速率分别为0.11℃/min和0.22℃/min；总充电时

摘 要：本文研究了电池系统在低温下采用液热和加热膜加热方式下的充电性能，实验表明不同加热方式电池系统的充电容量和能量接近，但温升速率、充电时间以及充电末端温差有明显差异。-20℃下电池系统采用液热串联和并联方式温升速率分别为0.11℃/min和0.22℃/min;总充电时间分别为349min和221min;温差分别为4℃和6℃，液热并联比串联方式温升速率更高且总充电时间更短。采用加热膜加热温升速率可达到0.5℃/min， -20℃下充电时间为171min，但该加热方式电池温差较大，约为9℃。采用液热+加热膜加热方式温升速率约等于液热和加热膜加热两种方式分别加热温升速率之和。

关键词：动力电池系统 低温充电 加热方法

Research on Low Temperature Charging and Heating Method of Vehicle Power Battery System

Li Xiaojie，Gao Ya，Guo Fenggang，Xu Ziguang

Abstract：This paper studies the charging performance of the battery system under low temperature using liquid heat and heating film heating. Experiments show that the charging capacity and energy of different heating methods are similar to that of the battery system， but the temperature rise rate， charging time and temperature difference at the end of the charge are obvious difference. At -20℃， the battery system adopts liquid-heat series and parallel methods. The temperature rise rate is 0.11℃/min and 0.22℃/min respectively; the total charging time is 349min and 221min respectively; the temperature difference is 4℃ and 6℃ respectively， and the liquid-heat parallel ratio The series method has a higher temperature rise rate and a shorter total charging time. The temperature rise rate can reach 0.5°C/min by using the heating film， and the charging time at -20°C is 171min， but the battery temperature difference of this heating method is relatively large， about 9°C. The temperature rise rate of the liquid heat + heating film heating method is approximately equal to the sum of the two heating methods of liquid heat and heating film heating.

Key words：power battery system， low temperature charging， heating method

1 引言

锂离子电池在冬季应用时需进行系统加热，目前，电池系统加热方式分为内部加热和外部加热。内部加热通过电芯内部设计，利用电阻或化学反应产热进行加热，但容易引起电池性能衰减[1]。外部加热通过连接加热组件进行产热升温，其中液体加热和加热膜加热应用最为广泛，容易实现且相对安全[2，3]。

2 加热方法及控制策略

2.1 动力电池系统

实验应用自主研发100kWh电池系统，系统采用磷酸铁锂/石墨电池体系，容量为173Ah，该系统由两个电池包串联组成，单包由9个电池模组串联，每个模组采用1P10S電芯组合方式。……