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草莓、香蕉和圣女果呼吸速率的测定及分析

2021-11-02张岩张海燕关静田峻帅

绿色包装 2021年8期

张岩 张海燕 关静 田峻帅

摘要:本文以草莓、香蕉、圣女果为研究对象,改造密闭系统法测量条件,观测三种果蔬20℃条件下在密闭环境内气体氛围的变化,计算并对比三者的呼吸速率。结果表明:改造后的密闭系统适合进行气体浓度变化的连续测量。随着贮藏时间的增加,密闭容器内的氧气浓度降低,二氧化碳浓度增加。香蕉和圣女果的呼吸速率随贮藏时间逐渐减缓,其中香蕉的呼吸速率先高后低变化最大,圣女果的呼吸速率仅有轻微变化,草莓的呼吸较平缓。本研究为果蔬气调包装的进一步发展提供可借鉴方法和实验数据。

关键词:果蔬;气调保鲜;密闭系统法;呼吸速率

中图分类号:TB48;TS255.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1400 (2021) 08-0029-04

基金项目:河南省重点研发与推广专项(果蔬采后呼吸速率和自发气调包装关键技术的研究212102110195)

Methods For Measuring Respiratory Rate of Three Kinds of Fruits and Vegetables

ZHANG Yan, ZHANG Hai-yan, GUAN Jing, TIAN Jun-shuai(College of Packaging and Printing Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry Economics 450046, China)

Abstract: Taking strawberry, banana and cherry tomato as the objects of study, this paper remakes the measurement conditions of closed system method, observes the gas changes in a closed environment having these three objects at 20℃, calculates and compares the respiratory rates of them. The results show that: the transformed closed system is suitable for continuous measurement of change in gas concentration. With the increase of storage time, the oxygen concentration in the closed vessel decreases while the carbon dioxide concentration increases. The respiratory rates of banana and cheery tomato slow down gradually, of which the respiratory rate of banana changes from high to low with a large change, the respiratory rate of cherry tomato changes slightly and the respiratory rate of strawberry is gentle. This study provides reference method and experimental data for the further development of fruit and vegetable packaging.

Key words: fruits and vegetables; controlled atmosphere preservation; closed system method; respiratory rate

近年來果蔬业规模增大,但采后损失却非常严重,据统计,我国果蔬储运损耗高达30%[1],已经成为制约果蔬业健康发展的瓶颈。气调包装可以有效延长果蔬保鲜期,它是通过改变包装内的气氛,使果蔬处在与空气组成不同的气氛环境中而延长储存期的一种保鲜技术[2]。通过低温下的气调保鲜技术,果蔬损耗率可降到5%以内。储存过程中气体氛围的调控是关键,而气体氛围与果蔬的呼吸速率密切相关。本文以人们日常喜爱的草莓、香蕉和圣女果为研究对象,改造密闭系统法呼吸速率测试条件,对比分析三种不同种类的果蔬呼吸速率的规律,为果蔬气调包装的研究提供可以借鉴的方法和实验数据。……

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