廉晓娟 王艳 梁新书 李海燕 王正祥

摘    要：為了摸索青萝卜线播种植适宜的灌溉方式，试验研究了不同灌溉方式对线播青萝卜产量和品质的影响。结果表明：不同灌溉方式下青萝卜产量，畦灌>滴灌>喷灌。滴灌对青萝卜品质改善明显，萝卜上部的可溶性固形物比畦灌、喷灌分别提高19.38%，6.70%，萝卜中部分别提高19.13%，7.20%。相关性分析表明，青萝卜含水量和硬度呈显著负相关，含水量和可溶性固形物呈极显著负相关，硬度和可溶性固形物呈正相关关系，但不显著。滴灌节水节肥效果显著，比畦灌、喷灌分别节水61.89%，39.49%，节肥66.67%，20.14%。 滴灌经济效益明显，比畦灌和喷灌分别增收0.90%，11.96%。综上所述，滴灌是线播青萝卜适宜的灌溉方式。

关键词：灌溉方式;线播;青萝卜;产量;品质

中图分类号：S631.1           文献标识码：A         DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.10.012

Effects of Irrigation Methods on Yield，Quality and Economic Benefit of Green Radish by Sowing Seed Tape

LIAN Xiaojuan1，WANG Yan1， LIANG Xinshu1，LI Haiyan2， WANG Zhengxiang1

（1.Agricultural Resources and Environmental Research Institute， Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Science， Tianjin 300192，China;2.Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center，Tianjin 300061，China）

Abstract： In order to explore suitable irrigation methods of green radish by sowing seed tapes， an experiment was conducted to study the effects of different irrigation methods （drip irrigation， border irrigation and sprinkler irrigation） on yield， quality and economic benefit of green radish by sowing seed tapes. The result showed that the yield of green radish was the highest by border irrigation ， followed by drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation. Drip irrigation improved the quality of green radish obviously. Compared with border irrigation and sprinkler irrigation， the soluble solids content of the upper part of the green radish by the drip irrigation was increased by 19.38% and 6.70%， respectively， while the soluble solids content of the middle part of the green radish was increased by 19.13% and 7.20%， respectively. The correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between water content and hardness of green radish， and  an extremely significant negative correlation between water content and soluble solids. The hardness was not significantly correlated with soluble solids. The drip irrigation had a remarkable effect on water saving and fertilizer saving. Compared with border irrigation and sprinkler irrigation，  the drip irrigation saved the water by 61.89% and 39.49%， respectively and meanwhile saved the fertilizer amount by 66.67% and 20.14%， respectively. Beyond that， the economic benefits of drip irrigation were much obvious since the income with the drip irrigation increased by 0.90% and 11.93%， respectively than the border irrigation and sprinkler irrigation. On the whole， the drip irrigation was a suitable irrigation method for green radish by sowing seed tape.

Key words： irrigation methods;sowing seed tape; green radish;yield;quality

天津种植青萝卜的历史悠久[1]，距今已有300多年的栽培历史。青萝卜具有皮光亮、心翠绿、条形好、脆甜可口、营养丰富等特点[2]，既美味又有利于身体健康，受到越来越多消费者的青睐，现已成为天津最重要的特色农产品之一[3]。天津青萝卜品种多样，根据产地不同，分为西青‘沙窝萝卜、津南‘葛沽萝卜、武清‘田水铺萝卜、宝坻‘朱家铺杨庄青萝卜和‘庞湾歪把青等[4]。

前人主要侧重于施肥和种植密度对青萝卜生长、产量和品质的研究。栽培密度和施肥处理等栽培措施对水果萝卜产量高低有决定作用[5-6]。王雪等[7]研究发现，较不施氮处理（CK）相比，氮肥施用能显著提高了萝卜产量，增加幅度达37.4%～72.9%，刘建平[8]发现萝……