汤山矿坑公园茶室，南京，中国

2021-10-27王建国,朱渊,姚昕悦等

世界建筑 2021年10期

关键词：设计

南京汤山历史悠久，文化积淀丰厚，温泉资源丰富，但曾经粗放式的采石作业令山体伤疤累累。近年，得益于南京市“城市双修”试点工作的开展，汤山着手山体生态复育和矿坑公园等文化旅游设施的建设。茶室就是矿坑公园中利用原农民宅基地设计建造的配套服务建筑之一。

设计概念来源于对场地归属感的重塑。初到项目现场，看见鱼塘缓坡边的简易农舍、水井、灶台以及鸡群和家犬，弥漫着农家生活的烟火味，营造一个既能望山看水、又能留存些许乡愁记忆的建筑是最朴素的构思来源，希望能将茶室呈现出“当代乡土”意向，并契合城市休闲人群体验。

建筑设计利用地形，兼顾面水的主要人流流向和临机动车道的次入口；建筑体量正交与斜向结合组织，梯形入口广场与滨水栈道相接，广场上保留了老井台，并结合标志性的榔榆大树形成“村口”的意向；抬升的红砖山墙形成了新的通道，并重现水中倒影，与农舍拆除前形成了似曾相识的画境；抬升墙体引发设计构想出“Y”型的钢筋混凝土树状结构形式，并反复组合运用在各空间，形成了通透轻盈的观景界面。□

项目信息/Credits and Data

设计团队/Design Team: 王建国，朱渊，姚昕悦，沈宇驰，罗文博等/WANG Jianguo, ZHU Yuan, YAO Xinyue,SHEN Yuchi, LUO Wenbo, et al.

设计时间/Design Time: 2018

竣工时间/Completion Time: 2019

摄影/Photos: 许昊皓，王建国/XU Haohao, WANG Jianguo

1 总平面/Site plan

2 夜景/Night view

4 西南侧视景/Southwest view（2-4 摄影/Photos: 许昊皓/XU Haohao）

5 首层平面/Ground floor plan6 二层平面/First floor plan

Tangshan has a long history, rich cultural accumulation and outstanding hot spring resources,but extensive quarrying operation has scarred the mountain. In recent years, thanks to the pilot work of "Double Urban Repairs" in Nanjing, Tangshan has set about the construction of mountain ecological restoration and cultural tourism facilities such as the Tangshan Quarry Park. The teahouse is built from the former farmer's homestead as one of the service buildings in the park.

The design concept comes from the reinvention of the sense of belonging of the site. When the design team first arrived at the project site by the fish pond, they were impressed by the smell of kitchen smoke and the scene of farm life including the farmhouse, the well, the cooktop, chickens and domestic dogs. Thus they proposed a simple idea to create a building that can not only enjoy the mountains and the water, but also retain a little homesick memory. It is hoped that the teahouse can present the intention of "contemporary countryside" and fit the experience of the urban leisure group.

According to the topography, the design balances the main flow facing the lake and the secondary entrance next to the motorway. The building volume is combined with orthogonal and oblique dimensions, and the trapezoidal entrance plaza is connected with the waterfront plank road.The old well is retained on the plaza, combined with the iconic big ulmus parvifolia tree to form the image of the "village entrance". The raised red brick gable creates a new passage and reproduces the reflection on the water, forming a familiar picture with the former farmhouse. Another idea of "Y"-shaped reinforced concrete tree-like structure is triggered by the lifted red wall, and this structure is repeatedly combined and used in various spaces to form a transparent and light viewing interface.□