曾琦 徐作刚

【摘 要】 目的：建立血水草中血根碱、白屈菜红碱的薄层色谱鉴别方法。方法：样品加75%乙醇超声30 min，取续滤液作为供试品溶液。另取血根碱，白屈菜红碱对照品适量，分别加乙醇制成每1 mL含0.5 mg的溶液作为对照品溶液。吸取上述三种溶液各2～5 μL，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以甲苯-甲醇-氨水（24∶1∶0.05）的混悬溶液为展开剂，硅胶G薄层板置层析缸中饱和30 min，展开，取出，晾干，在紫外灯（365 nm）下检视。结果：薄层色谱法检出血根碱、白屈菜红碱，且斑点清晰，专属性强。结论：该方法可作为血水草中血根碱、白屈菜红碱的定性的薄层色谱鉴别方法，结果重复性、稳定性较好。

【关键词】 血水草;血根碱;白屈菜红碱;薄层色谱法（TLC）

【中图分类号】R284.1   【文献标志码】 A    【文章编号】1007-8517（2021）24-0027-04

Establishment of TLC Identification Method for Salix Officinalis

ZENG Qi1 XU Zuogang2*

1.Qiannan Inspection and Testing Institute，Duyun 558000，China;2.Qiannan Inspection and Testing Institute，Duyun 558000，China

Abstract：Objective To establish a TLC method for the identification of serratine and chelandine in Serratine.Methods The sample was ultrasonicated with 75% ethanol for 30 minutes，and the filtrate was used as the test solution.In addition，proper amount of blood root alkali and chelidonine were added to ethanol to make 0.5 mg solution per 1 mL as the reference solution.Two to five μl of the above three kinds of solutions were absorbed，respectively，on the same silica gel G thin layer plate，the suspension solution of toluene-methanol-ammonia （24∶1∶0.05） was used as the developing agent，and the silica gel G thin layer plate was saturated in the chromatography cylinder for 30 minutes，unfolded，removed，dried，and examined under uv lamp （365 nm）.Results TLC method was used to detect haemorrhagic root alkaloid and chelidonine，and the spots were clear and specific.Conclusion This method can be used as a qualitative TLC method for the identification of serratine and chelidonine in Serratine. The results are reproducible and stable.

Key words：Herba Serrata; Serratine; Chelandine; TLC

血水草（Eomecon chionantha Hance）是中国亚热带第三纪孑遗物种，是我国独有的单种属植物。血水草主要分布于貴州南部和北部，福建北部和西部，江西、广东、广西、安徽、四川的东部和东南部，浙江西南部，湖南、湖北西南部，云南东部等[1]。《中国植物志》[2]《贵州草药》[3]《黔本草》[4]《中华本草》（苗药卷）[5]等均有收载。血水草 “味苦、性寒、有小毒，具清热解毒、止血、活血止痛之功效，主治目赤肿痛、咽喉疼痛、口腔溃疡、尿路感染、疗疮肿毒、毒蛇咬伤、癣疹、湿疹、跌打损伤、腰痛、咳血”，全草入药[6-7]。至今为止，文献[8-10]报道己从血水草中分离得到6个生物碱和1个三萜类，生物碱类化合物是血水草的主要有效成分，包括白屈菜红碱、血根碱、原阿托品碱、别隐品碱、氧化血根碱、白屈菜红默碱等。根据血水草其化学成分，为有效控制血水草药材质量，选择白屈菜红碱和血根碱为对照对血水草进行TLC鉴别[11] 。……