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基于MMC的虚拟同步发电机技术在船舶与岸电无缝并网中的应用

2021-10-08解文祥周昊郭燚王超

上海海事大学学报 2021年3期
关键词:控制策略船舶

解文祥 周昊 郭燚 王超

摘要:鉴于船舶与岸电在并网时存在较大冲击电流,以及模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)控制的岸电离网运行时对突发状况响应速度较慢的问题,采用改进的虚拟同步发电机(virtual synchronous generator, VSG)技術结合模型预测控制(model predictive control, MPC)算法,对岸电电源输出电流、环流、子模块电容电压进行分层预测控制,实现船舶与岸电的无缝并网。采用MATLAB/Simulink建立MMC-VSG并网仿真模型,模拟船舶与岸电并网及突加负载等工况。对所提出的控制策略和算法的有效性进行验证,结果表明,利用所提出的控制策略能实现VSG离网与并网的无缝切换;与经典控制方法相比,所提出的控制策略的动态响应速度提升了5倍。

关键词:  船舶; 岸电; 虚拟同步发电机(VSG); 模型预测控制(MPC); 模块化多电平换流器(MMC); 无缝切换

中图分类号:  U665.12

文献标志码:  A

收稿日期: 2020-08-20

修回日期: 2021-02-01

基金项目: 上海市科技计划(20040501200);上海市科学技术委员会项目(19040501700)

作者简介:

解文祥(1993—),男,安徽六安人,硕士研究生,研究方向为船舶中压直流电力系统,(E-mail)2602247213@qq.com;

周昊(1987—),男,上海人,工程师,研究方向为船舶工程、海洋工程、工程管理、项目管理、财务管理,(E-mail)zhou704@163.com;

郭燚(1971—),男,安徽安庆人,副教授,博士,研究方向为船舶电力推进系统、船舶中压直流电力系统,

(E-mail)yiguo@shmtu.edu.cn

Application of MMC-based virtual synchronous generator technology

in seamless grid-connection of ships and shore power

XIE Wenxiang1, ZHOU Hao2, GUO Yi1, WANG Chao1

(1.Logistics Engineering College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China;

2.No.704 Research Institute, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Shanghai 200031, China)

Abstract: There exist the large impulse current when a ship connects to shore power, and the slow response speed  to emergencies when shore power is in  off-grid operation (where shore power is controlled by the modular multilevel converter

(MMC)). To solve the problems, the improved virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technology and the model predictive control (MPC) algorithm are adopted to carry out the hierarchical predictive control of the output current, the circulating current and the sub module capacitor voltage of shore power supply, so as to realize seamless grid-connection of ships and shore power. By MATLAB/Simulink, the MMC-VSG grid-connection simulation model is built to simulate the working conditions such as the grid-connection of ships and shore power and the sudden loading. The effectiveness verification results of the proposed control strategy and algorithm show that the proposed control strategy can achieve seamless switching between VSG off-grid and grid-connection, and the dynamic response speed of the proposed control strategy is 5 times faster than that of the classical control method.

Key words: ship; shore power; virtual synchronous generator (VSG); model predictive control (MPC); modular multilevel converter (MMC); seamless switching

0 引 言

船舶靠港时停止所有的船舶柴油机运转,使用陆地电源供电,可有效降低港区污染废气的排放[1]。目前常用的岸电与船电的切换方式主要有两种,即离网切换和并网切换[2]。离网切换必须先停止船电再接入岸电或先断开岸电再开启船电。……

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