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自动化集装箱码头堆场箱区布置及交换区车道配置仿真

2021-10-08彭云陈磊李相达王文渊

上海海事大学学报 2021年3期

彭云 陈磊 李相达 王文渊

摘要:针对自动化集装箱码头的堆场箱区布置和交换区车道配置问题,利用多智能体仿真方法构建自动化集装箱码头作业系统仿真模型,分析不同的堆场箱区布置和交换区车道数量对码头吞吐量和服务水平的影响,并对船舶到港时间间隔与自动导引车(automated guided vehicle, AGV)配置数量进行敏感性分析。结果表明,相较于箱区平行于码头岸线布置,箱区垂直于码头岸线布置的码头吞吐量和服务水平更高。在不同的AGV配置数量下,通过合理配置交换区车道可减少AGV的等待时间,提高码头吞吐量和服务水平。

关键词:  自动化集装箱码头; 堆场平面布置; 交换区车道配置; 多智能体仿真

中图分类号:  U656.1+35;U691

文献标志码:  A

收稿日期: 2021-03-25

修回日期: 2021-05-08

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2020YFE0201200)

作者简介:

彭云(1988—),女,辽宁铁岭人,副教授,硕导,博士,研究方向为港口规划与物流、绿色港口资源优化配置与能源调配,(E-mail)yun_peng@dlut.edu.cn

Meeting of the Waterborne Transport Division, World Transport Convention 2021 (WTC 2021)

Simulation on yard block layout and lane configuration in transfer area of automated container terminals

PENG Yun, CHEN Lei, LI Xiangda, WANG Wenyuan

(State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China)

Abstract: For the issue of the yard block layout and lane configuration in the transfer area of automated container terminals, a multi-agent simulation method is used to construct the simulation model of the automated container terminal operating system. The influence of different yard block layouts and lane number in the transfer area on the terminal throughput and service level is analyzed. The sensitivity analysis for the ship arrival time interval and the number of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) configured is carried out. The results show that the terminal throughput and service level of the block layout vertical to the terminal shoreline are higher than those of the block layout parallel to the terminal shoreline. Under the different number of AGVs configured, the reasonable lane configuration in the transfer area can reduce AGVs waiting time and improve the terminal throughput and service level.

Key words: automated container terminal; yard plane layout; lane configuration in transfer area; multi-agent simulation

0 引 言

自動化码头在运行效率、人力成本等方面优势显著,传统码头自动化改造及新自动化码头的建造迅速,如厦门远海码头2016年完成自动化改造,上海洋山深水港四期自动化码头2017年12月开港试运营。自动化集装箱码头的平面布置是否合理,是其吞吐量和服务水平能否进一步提升的重要影响因素。堆场作为集装箱集中堆存与交接的区域,是码头的重要组成部分,因此对自动化集装箱码头堆场箱区布置和交换区设置进行研究很有必要。

近年来,国内外有关自动化集装箱码头堆场平面布置的研究主要包括箱区垂直于码头岸线与箱区平行于码头岸线布置形式的对比、自动化车辆选择及其路径规划、自动化场桥配置等的协同研究。……

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