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基于改进人工鱼群算法的船舶进港排序

2021-10-08白响恩李豹徐笑锋

上海海事大学学报 2021年3期

白响恩 李豹 徐笑锋

摘要:针对我国绝大部分港口遵循先来先服务(first-come-first-served, FCFS)调度方法引起的船舶进港总延误时间偏长的现象,提出一种基于改进人工鱼群算法(artificial fish swarm algorithm, AFSA)的船舶进港排序方法。改进算法的搜索精度更高和局部优化能力更强,利用这个改进算法得到的船舶进港排序使总延误时间更短。仿真结果显示,与FCFS调度方法和AFSA相比,改进算法的船舶进港总延迟时间分别减少了20.8%和5.2%。所提出的改进算法能为港口船舶进港排序提供有效支持。

关键词:  船舶进港排序; 先来先服务调度; 人工鱼群算法(AFSA)

中图分类号:  U692.4

文献标志码:  A

Sequencing of ships entering a port based on an improved

artificial fish swarm algorithm

BAI Xiangen, LI Bao, XU Xiaofeng

(a.Merchant Marine College; b.Engineering Research Center of Shipping Simulation,

Ministry of Education, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China)

Abstract: In the most ports of China, the use of the first-come-first-served (FCFS)scheduling method makes the total delay time of ships entering a port

too long. To solve this problem, the sequencing method of ships entering a port based on an improved artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) is proposed.By the improved AFSA with the higher search accuracy and the stronger ability of local optimization,the sequencing of ships entering a port with the shorter total delay time is obtained.The simulation results show that the total delay time of the improved AFSA decreases by 20.8% and 5.2% compared with FCFS scheduling method and AFSA, respectively.The improved AFSA can provide effective support for the sequencing of ships entering a port.

Key words: sequencing of ships entering port; first-come-first-served scheduling; artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA)

收稿日期: 2021-02-19

修回日期: 2021-04-16

基金項目: 国家自然科学基金(42176217)

作者简介:

白响恩(1984—),女,上海人,副教授,博士,研究方向为船舶交通管理,(E-mail)xebai@shmtu.edu.cn

0 引 言

随着全球一体化程度的加深以及航运业的发展,港口的货物吞吐量不断增长,船舶也向着大型化趋势发展。为保障船舶进港安全,我国计划开展一系列的港口扩建计划,但由于港口扩建周期较长,港口航道的通航能力无法在短期内得到提升。在现有基础上对船舶进港排序进行优化能在很大程度上缓解港口的压力。不同类型船舶在进港时间间隔上有所不同,对进港船舶排序进行优化,不仅能保障船舶进港的安全高效,而且可以增大航道的资源利用率,提高港口效益。

现阶段船舶进港排序主要采取先来先服务(first-come-first-served, FCFS)调度方法[1],即根据船舶预计到达时间的先后决定船舶进港次序。该方法摒弃了船舶的有用信息,在船舶进港密集时段会使得船舶进港产生较长时间的延误。……

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