基于惯性基准的路面等级评价
2021-09-26杨振青,阎阔,李孟华,闫际宇,邱晨
杨振青,阎阔,李孟华,闫际宇,邱晨



摘 要:路面等级是车辆平顺性和操控稳定性等性能的重要影响因素,本文以惯性基准为基础的非接触式评价方法为主要研究对象。首先引入惯性导航系统,解决了惯性基准指向不稳定的问题,并使用卡尔曼滤波进行数据融合,准确得到了路面不平度功率谱密度;在此基础上,结合人体器官和车辆零部件的敏感频率,提出了评价路面等级更合理的空间频率范围。最后通过试验,验证了该方法的准确性和稳定性。该研究的实测数据可作为仿真汽车平顺性、操纵稳定性等试验的输入数据,也可作为道路模拟试验台的输入信号。
关键词:路面不平度;路面等级;功率谱;频率范围;捷联惯性导航系统、卡尔曼滤波
中图分类号:U416.23 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-2550(2021)04-0105-09
Optimization of Pavement Grade Evaluation Method Based on Inertial reference
YANG Zhen-qing1, YAN Kuo2, LI Meng-hua2, YAN Ji-yu3, QIU Chen1
(1. Commercial Vehicle Development Institute, Faw Jiefang Truck Co., LTD., Changchun 130011, China; 2.Second Military Office of the PLA In Changchun Area, Changchun 130000, China; 3.PLA unit 63969, Nanjing 230026, China)
Abstract: Pavement grade is an important factor for ride comfort and handling stability of vehicle. This paper aims to the non-contact evaluation method based on inertial reference. Firstly, the problem of inertial reference pointing instability is solved by introducing the inertial navigation system, and the power spectral density of pavement roughness is accurately obtained by using Kalman filter. On this basis, combining with the sensitive frequency of human organs and vehicle parts, a more reasonable spatial frequency range for evaluating road grade is proposed. Finally, the accuracy and stability of the method are verified by testing. The measured data of this study can be used as the input data of vehicle ride comfort, vehicle handling stability, etc., as well as the input signal of road simulation test bed.
前 言
路面不平度是指路面相对于基准平面高度沿道路走向长度的变化,同时它也是影响车辆振动的主要因素,对车辆的平顺性、轮胎寿命、操控稳定性、燃油消耗量以及货物运输的完整性都有重要影响[1]。从20世纪50年代起,学者对路面不平度进行了大量的研究,设计了多种测量方案,按照测量基准可分为固定基准、随动基准、惯性基准和角度基准等[2-3]。这些方法在一定条件下,可以得到满意的结果,但是它们都存在不同程度的缺点,例如:惯性基准,安装时容易产生随机误差以及测试时惯性基准指向不稳定问题[3-4]。本文针对惯性基准测量方法,通过笔者自己的实践,克服了安装时产生的随机误差和测量时惯性基准指向不稳定的问题,同时使用卡尔曼滤波器融合惯导和GPS的数据,进一步提高数据的准确性。……
