杨思力 陈闵叶 单琦 孙乐萌

摘  要：传统的飞机维修培训是基于现有故障飞机进行人员培训，但存在培训时间不确定及培训成本高等问题。为基于此类培训问题对培训方法进行改进，使用可视化维护技术对整个流量控制阀组件拆装过程进行分析及模拟，通过虚拟现实等多种方式提升航空机务人员的维修水平与熟练度，可起到弱化培训限制、缩短培训周期与降低培训成本的作用。结果表明，可视化虚拟维修可随时进行对应部件维修的培训，解决了培训时间不可控的问题且培训成本也下降至对应的虚拟维护设备的价格。

关键词：可视化维护;虚拟维修;流量控制阀;Unity应用;AR

中图分类号：V267    文献标识码：A

Abstract： Traditional aircraft maintenance training is based on the existing faulty aircraft personnel training， but there are problems such as uncertain training time and high training cost. Based on such training issues to improve the training methods， use the visual maintenance technology of the whole flow control valve components disassembling process analysis and simulation， through a variety of ways such as virtual reality promote the maintenance level of aircraft crew and proficiency， has weakened restrictions， shorten training cycle and reduce the training costs. The results show that the visual virtual maintenance can carry out the training of corresponding parts at any time， which solves the problem of uncontrollable training time and reduces the training cost to the price of corresponding virtual maintenance equipment.

Key words： visual maintenance; virtual maintenance; flow control valve; Unity application; AR

0  引  言

本文以A320流量控制閥组件作为维护对象，搭建一个包含虚拟现实、增强现实内容的跨平台可视化维护训练系统。本文将对A320流量控制阀组件进行三维实体建模，并借助Unity引擎实现该组件在多个平台上的维护环境构建，让受训人员可以通过VR设备、移动智能设备及普通PC使用该可视化维护系统。使用本文所构建的可视化维护环境进行维修要素分析与训练，能有效加强机务人员对A320流量控制阀组件的结构组成、拆装过程、维护要点的理解，提高维修效率与排故水平。

1  A320流量控制阀结构与关键零部件建模

1.1  流量控制阀组件结构

A320客机的流量控制阀组件是其空调系统的重要组成部件，其功用为控制从发动机压气机流入空调系统的热引气流量[1]。……