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2型糖尿病患者心肺耐力及其临床危险因素

2021-09-18李英余红艳张洁邸阜生

中国医药科学 2021年24期
关键词:因素功能

李英 余红艳 张洁 邸阜生

[摘要]目的探討2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者心肺耐力及其临床危险因素。方法选取2020年1月1日至2021年4月30日就诊于天津市第三中心医院内分泌科的47例健康对照者(对照组)及129例 T2DM 患者(T2DM 组)为研究对象,比较 T2DM 患者与健康对照者的静态肺功能观测指标及心肺运动试验(CPET)观测指标。以峰值摄氧量(VO2peak)是否降低为标准将 T2DM 组患者分为正常组( n=47)和降低组( n=82),采用 logistic 回归分析 T2DM 患者 VO2peak 降低的临床危险因素。结果与对照组相比,T2DM 患者 VO2peak、峰值摄氧量占预计值的百分比(VO2peak%pred)、代谢当量、无氧阈(AT)、峰值氧脉、△摄氧量/△功率(△ VO2/△ Work)、潮气末二氧化碳分压(PetCO2)均明显降低,差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。与对照组相比,T2DM 患者峰值运动时的无效腔/肺通气(VD/VT  peak)、二氧化碳当量(VE/VCO2)明显升高,差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。单因素分析结果提示,BMI、糖化血红蛋白水平、吸烟史及谷丙转氨酶(ALT)水平是影响 T2DM 患者 VO2peak 降低的危险因素( P <0.05)。多因素 logistic 回归结果提示,BMI ≥24、吸烟史、糖化血红蛋白水平、ALT 水平是 T2DM 患者 VO2peak 降低的独立危险因素( P <0.05)。结论 T2DM 患者的心肺耐力明显降低,BMI ≥24、吸烟史、糖化血红蛋白水平、ALT 水平是 T2DM 患者心肺耐力降低的独立危险因素。

[关键词]2型糖尿病;心肺运动试验;峰值摄氧量;危险因素

[中图分类号] R587.2  [文献标识码] A   [文章编号]2095-0616(2021)24-0205-04

Cardiopulmonary endurance and its clinical risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

LI  Ying    YU  Hongyan    ZHANG  Jie    DI  Fusheng

Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China

[Abstract] Objective To explore cardiopulmonary endurance and its clinical risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 47 healthy control subjects (Control group) and 129 T2DM patients (T2DM group) who were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital from January 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021, were selected as research objects. The observation indexes of static pulmonary function and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) were compared between T2DM patients and healthy control subjects. Patients with T2DM were divided into the normal group (n=47) and the decrease group (n=82) according to whether the peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) decreased or not. Logistic regression was used to analyze the clinical risk factors of decreases in VO2 peak in T2DM patients. Results Compared with the control group, VO2 peak, VO2 peak%pred, metabolic equivalent, anaerobic threshold (AT), peak oxygen pulse, △ VO2/△ Work and partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2) in T2DM patients were significantly reduced, with statistically significant differences (P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the ineffective chamber/lung ventilation (VD/VTpeak) and carbon dioxide equivalent (VE/VCO2) of T2DM patients during peak exercise were significantly higher, with statistically significant differences (P <0.05). The results of the univariate analysis showed that BMI, glycosylated hemoglobin level, smoking history, and alanine transaminase (ALT) level were the risk factors for lowering VO2 peak in T2DM patients (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression results showed that BMI ≥24, smoking history, glycosylated hemoglobin level, and ALT level were independent risk factors for the decrease of cardiopulmonary endurance in T2DM patients (P <0.05). Conclusion Cardiopulmonary endurance of T2DM patients significantly reduces. BMI ≥24, smoking history, glycosylated hemoglobin level, and ALT level are independent risk factors for the reduction of cardiopulmonary endurance of T2DM patients.

[Key words] Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Cardiopulmonary exercise test; Peak oxygen uptake; Risk factor

2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血管病变会导致多种并发症[1],肺脏也是并发症的靶器官之一[2]。T2DM 患者肺功能的降低往往是亚临床的[3],但当出现心脏或肺相关的疾病时,其肺功能的下降速度是正常人的2~3倍[2]。这导致 T2DM 患者在呼吸系统病毒大流行时期的发病率及病死率显著增加[4-5]。如何早期识别 T2DM 患者的肺功能障碍并进行干预,对患者本人及节约医疗资源都具有重要意义。

心肺功能运动试验(CPET)可以反映测试者的心肺耐力,广泛应用于临床[6]。肺功能受损会导致心肺耐力下降[7]。为探究 T2DM 患者肺功能是否受损,本研究对比分析 T2DM 患者和健康者的 CPET 结果,并探讨 T2DM 患者心肺耐力下降的危险因素。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

收集2020年1月1日至2021年4月30日就诊于天津市第三中心医院内分泌科的47例健康对照者(对照组)及129例 T2DM 患者(T2DM 组)为研究对象。……

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