显微支撑喉镜手术声门区暴露困难的相关因素分析
2021-09-18刘言军庞秀红储九圣毛明荣徐六英
刘言军 庞秀红 储九圣 毛明荣 徐六英



[摘要]目的分析显微支撑喉镜手术中声门区暴露困难的相关因素,为术前评估提供依据。方法采取前瞻性研究设计的方法,直接抽样法收集2020年1月至2021年1月江苏省泰州市人民医院收治的150例显
微支撑喉镜下各类外科手术(包括声带息肉、声带肉芽、声带囊肿、声带白斑、喉乳头状瘤、早期喉癌等)患者的临床资料,统计分析相关因素与声门区暴露困难(DLE)的关系。结果经单因素分析发现体重指数(BMI)、头颈屈伸度、颈围、舌颏距(HMD),甲颏距(TMD)、胸颏距(SMD)、改良Mallampati(MMT)3、4级及 Yamamoto 3、4级与支撑喉镜声门区暴露困难有关。logistic 回归分析显示,头颈屈伸度<90°、TMD <7.75 cm 和 HMD <6.35 cm 是 DLE 的独立危险因素。结论术前测量患者头颈屈伸度、TMD 和 HMD 对评估 DLE 具有重要意义。
[关键字]支撑喉镜;外科手术;声门暴露;相关因素
[中图分类号] R767.44 [文献标识码] A [文章编号]2095-0616(2021)24-0156-04
An analysis of the related factors of difficult laryngeal exposure in microsurgical laryngoscope surgery
LIU Yanjun PANG Xiuhong CHU Jiusheng MAO Mingrong XU Liuying
Department of Otolaryngology, Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital, Jiangsu, Taizhou 225300, China
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the related factors of difficult laryngeal exposure (DLE) in microsurgical laryngoscope surgery to provide basis for preoperative evaluation. Methods With the method of prospective research design being adopted, the clinical data of 150 patients with operations under micro-laryngoscope (against vocal cord polyps, vocal cord granulation, vocal cord cyst, vocal cord leukoplakia, laryngeal papilloma, early laryngeal cancer, etc.) admitted to and treated in Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were collected through direct sampling, and the relationships between the related factors and DLE were statistically analyzed. Results According to univariate analysis, the factors related to DLE under self-retaining laryngoscope included height and body mass index (BMI), head and neck flexion and extension, neck circumference, hyoid-mental distance (HMD), thyroid-mental distance (TMD), sternum-mental distance (SMD), the modified Mallampati test (MMT) class III and class IV and Yamamoto class III and class IV. Logistic regression analysis showed that head and neck flexion and extension <90° , TMD <7.75 cm and HMD <6.35 cm were independent risk factors of DLE. Conclusion Preoperative measurement of the patients' head and neck flexion and extension, TMD and HMD is of great significance for evaluating DLE.
[Key words] Self-retaining laryngoscope; Surgical operation; Laryngeal exposure; Related factors
近年來,显微支撑喉镜是用来诊断和切除喉部或下咽部病变的常规手术方式,已在国内外广泛开展。部分患者支撑喉镜不能暴露整个喉部,出现声门区暴露困难(difficult laryngeal exposure, DLE)的情况,由于喉部暴露不足可能导致误诊、病变不完全清除或正常声带意外损伤[1]。因此,对手术患者进行术前评估有利于提前判断手术中存在 DLE 的可能性。目前术前预估 DLE 测量指标繁多,在预测 DLE 方面缺乏一致性,对于哪些参数是预测 DLE 最有价值的因素存在相当大的分歧。因此,本研究采取前瞻性研究的方法,统计分析显微支撑喉镜手术患者术前相关因素的临床数据,建立预测 DLE 最有价值的评估体系,为临床诊疗提供依据。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料
采取前瞻……
