崔俊国，高翔，侯文辉，李延隆，张俊，鲁中歧，邵建鑫，张啸

摘要：為了解决洪涝灾害中常规救援方式存在的运移距离短、效率低下、安全可靠性低等难题，设计了一种可应用于城市洪涝灾害救援的新型履带式洪涝救援平台。首先，对整机机械结构（行走、升降、救援设备布置、平台防腐等）进行设计;其次，对关键设计参数进行理论计算分析，并运用数值模拟分析技术对关键结构进行仿真分析;最后，基于所设计的救援平台，建立城区模型、受灾分析模型和救援过程模型，运用K均值聚类多目标优化方法进行救援路径规划分析，探讨城市洪涝救援新模式，并与传统城市洪涝救援进行对比分析。结果表明：救援平台相较于传统救援在安全可靠性、快速性上有了极大改善;提出了新型的城市洪涝救援模式，其救援效率高于传统救援模式的效率。新型履带式洪涝救援平台可应用于救援艇运输、救援物资运输以及在灾区内部提供紧急治疗，并可作为受灾区受困人员中转基站，所提出的救援模式可有效拓宽洪涝灾害的救援方式。

关键词：机械设计其他学科;洪涝灾害;平台设计;有限元分析;救援模式

中图分类号：TH128文献标识码：ADOI： 10.7535/hbgykj.2021yx05003

Design and implementation of crawler type flood rescue platform

CUI Junguo1，2，GAO Xiang1，2，HOU Wenhui3，LI Yanlong4，ZHANG Jun1，2，

LU Zhongqi1，2，SHAO Jianxin1，2，ZHANG Xiao5

（1.School of Mechatronic Engineering，China University of Petroleum，Qingdao，Shandong 266580，China;2.National Engineering Laboratory of Ocean Geophysical Prospecting and Exploration Equipment，Qingdao，Shandong 266580，China;3.China National Oil & Gas Drilling Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center Company Limited，Baoji，Shaanxi 721002，China;4.Bohai Equipment Liaohe Drilling and Production Equipment Branch Company，Panjin，Liaoning 124010，China;5.School of Mechanical and Power Engineering，Shanghai Jiaotong University，Shanghai 200240，China）

Abstract：In order to solve the problems of short transport distance，low efficiency，low safety and reliability of conventional rescue methods in flood disasters，a new crawler flood rescue platform was design to apply in urban flood disaster rescue.Firstly，the mechanical structure design was carried out，including walking，lifting，rescue equipment layout，platform corrosion and other program design;Secondly，the theoretical calculation and analysis of key design parameters was conducted，and the key structure was simulated and analyzed by using the numerical simulation.Finally，based on the designed rescue platform，the establishment of the city model，flood damage analysis model and rescue process model were proposed，the rescue path planning analysis was conducted by using the K-means clustering multi-objective optimization method，and compared with the traditional urban flood rescue，the new mode of urban flood rescue was discussed.The results show that compared to the traditional rescue，the rescue platform has greatly improved in safety，reliability，and rapidity.The rescue efficiency of the proposed new urban flood rescue mode is higher than the efficiency of the traditional rescue mode.The new crawler type flood rescue platform can be applied to rescue boat transportation，rescue material transportation and can provide emergency treatment within the disaster area，which can be used as a transit base station for stranded people in the affected area.The proposed rescue mode can effectively broaden China′s rescue methods in flood disasters.

Keywords：mechanical design other disciplines;flood disaster;platform design;finite element analysis;rescue mode

洪水灾害会阻断交通系统，影响工矿企业、农业的发展，严重危害人民生命财产安全，带来难以预估的人员伤亡[1]。2020年中国发生严重洪涝灾害，据中华人民共和国应急管理部统计，主汛期以来洪涝灾害造成江西、安徽、湖北、湖南等27省（市、区）5 481.1万人次受灾，直接经济损失1 444.3亿元。……