谭小艳 刘花艳 李东雅 朱丽辉 陈艳萍 罗翠

[摘要]目的調查闭塞性细支气管炎（BO）患儿家长健康素养现状并分析其影响因素，为开展 BO 患儿全方位的长程管理提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2020年1—12月在湖南省儿童医院呼吸内科住院的108例 BO 患儿及家长为研究对象。应用一般资料调查问卷、慢性病病人健康素养量表、家庭坚韧性量表进行调查。结果 BO 患儿家长健康素养总分为（101.71±13.13）分，具备率为66.73%;单因素分析显示，不同患儿年龄、家长文化程度、家庭月收入、家庭所在地、家庭结构健康素养得分比较，差异有统计学意义（ P <0.05）; Pearson 相关分析显示，家庭坚韧性与健康素养呈正相关（ P <0.01）;多元线性回归分析显示，家庭月收入、患儿年龄、家庭坚韧性得分是 BO 患儿家长健康素养的主要影响因素（ P <0.05）。结论 BO 患儿家长健康素养处于中等水平，建议医护人员针对影响因素制订科学合理的健康教育，提高家长健康素养水平，促进 BO 患儿全方位的长程管理。

[关键词]闭塞性细支气管炎;儿童;健康素养;家庭坚韧性

[中图分类号] R725.6  [文献标识码] A   [文章编号]2095-0616（2021）24-0034-04

An analysis of the status quo of health literacy and the influencing factors of the parents of children with bronchiolitis obliterans

TAN  Xiaoyan1      LIU  Huayan2      LI  Dongya1      ZHU  Lihui2      CHEN  Yanping2      LUO  Cui1

1. School of Nursing， Hunan University of Chinese Medicine， Hu'nan， Changsha 410208， China;2. Department of Respiratory Medicine， Hunan Children's Hospital， Hu'nan， Changsha 410007， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the status quo of health literacy of the parents of children with bronchiolitis obliterans （BO） and analyze its influencing factors， so as to provide the basis for all-round long-term management of the children with BO. Methods A total of 108 children with BO hospitalized in the department of respiratory medicine of Hunan Children's Hospital from January to December 2020 and their parents were selected as the research subjects through convenience sampling method. General information questionnaire， health literacy scale for the patients with chronic diseases and family resilience scale were used for the investigation. Results The total health literacy score of the parents of children with BO was （101.71±13.13）， and the overall rate was 66.73%. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the health literacy scores of different children's age， parents' educational level， family monthly income， family location， and family structure （P <0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that family resilience and health literacy were positively correlated （P <0.01）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that family monthly income， the children's age and family resilience scores were the main influencing factors of the health literacy of the parents of children with BO （P <0.05）. Conclusion The health literacy of the parents of children with BO is at a medium level. It is suggested that medical staff should formulate scientific and reasonable health education in the light of the influencing factors， so as to improve the level of health literacy of the parents and promote all-round long-term management of the children with BO.

[Key words] Bronchiolitis obliterans; Children; Health literacy; Family resilience

闭塞性细支气管炎（bronchiolitis obliterans， BO）是一种细支气管炎性损伤所致以通气障碍为主要临床症状的慢性气流受限综合征[1]，严重影响儿童身心健康和生活质量。近年来儿童 BO 发病率逐年增加，但目前国内外尚无公认的临床治疗指南，多以经验治疗和对症支持治疗为主，且缺乏长期管理，导致大多数患儿预后较差[2-3]。研究显示健康素养水平的高低直接影响患者自身疾病管理能力及自我健康的维护和促进[4-6]。儿童作为特殊群体，主要依赖于家长的照护，家长健康素养水平不仅影响自身健康，还会影响患儿身心发展[7]，因此，关注家长健康素养对患儿疾病管理至关重要。目前国内针对 BO 患儿家长健康素养的调查研究较少，本研究通过调查 BO 患儿家长健康素养现状，分析其影响因素，为今后提高家长健康素养水平提供依据，以促进 BO 患儿全方位的长程管理。……