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ALA对刺葡萄愈伤组织生长及主要抗氧化物质积累的影响

2021-09-14张静潘红赖呈纯赖恭梯黄贤贵王琦高慧颖陈桂信

热带作物学报 2021年8期

张静 潘红 赖呈纯 赖恭梯 黄贤贵 王琦 高慧颖 陈桂信

摘  要:以刺葡萄红色愈伤组织为材料,研究不同浓度ALA处理对刺葡萄愈伤组织生物量及主要抗氧化物质(黄酮类化合物、原花青素和花色苷)积累量的影响,明确ALA与刺葡萄愈伤组织生长、主要抗氧化活性物质合成的相关性。结果表明:中低浓度(0.05~1.0 mg/L)ALA可促进刺葡萄愈伤组织生长,显著增加刺葡萄愈伤组织的生物量;同时,中低浓度ALA能显著增加刺葡萄细胞中黄酮类化合物、原花青素和花色苷的含量;高浓度(2.0~5.0 mg/L)ALA会抑制刺葡萄愈伤组织生长,并最终导致褐变死亡;刺葡萄愈伤组织主要抗氧化物质积累也存在显著的培养阶段差异,在ALA最适浓度0.05 mg/L时,刺葡萄细胞中黄酮类化合物含量最高可达272.48 μg/g(培养45 d)、花色苷含量最高达107.24 μg/g(培养35 d)、原花青素含量最高达1630.16 μg/g(培养45 d)。由结果可知,ALA可以定向调控刺葡萄愈伤组织细胞中主要抗氧化物质的生物合成。

关键词:刺葡萄;愈伤组织;抗氧化物质;花色苷;5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)

Abstract: In order to determine the correlation between ALA (5-aminolevulinic acid) and the growth of spine grape callus and the synthesis of its main antioxidant bioactive substances, the effects of different ALA concentrations on the biomass of spine grape callus and its main antioxidants content, including flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, and anthocyanins, were investigated using the red callus of spine grape. The results showed that medium or low ALA concentration (0.05 to 1.0 mg/L) could promote the growth of spine grape callus and increase the biomass significantly. Meanwhile, the content of flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins in the cells of the spine grape callus could be significantly increased at medium or low concentrations of ALA. But the growth of spine grape callus was strongly inhibited under high levels of ALA concentrations (2.0 to 5.0 mg/L), and eventually browning to death. The main antioxidants were also significant differences in the cell cultures of spine grape callus at different stages of culture. At the optimal ALA concentration of 0.05 mg/L, the maximum flavonoids content in the cells of spine grape callus was 272.48 μg/g (cultured for 45 days), the maximum anthocyanins content was 107.24 μg/g (cultured for 35 days), and the maximum proanthocyanidins content was 1630.16 μg/g (cultured for 45 days). It indicated that ALA can regulate the biosynthesis of main antioxidants in the cells of spine grape callus.

Keywords: spine grape [Vitis davidii (Roman. du Caill.) Fo?x.]; callus; antioxidants; anthocyanins; 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)

刺葡萄[Vitis davidii (Roman. du Caill.) Fo?x.]為葡萄科(Vitaceae)葡萄属(Vitis)的木质藤本植物,其果肉呈紫黑色,富含酚类化合物、黄酮类化合物、白藜芦醇、齐墩果酸、鞣质等天然生物活性物质[1],其中刺葡萄皮中的花色苷不仅是优良的天然色素,与刺葡萄籽中的原花青素一样,是优良的天然抗氧化剂[2],在食品、医药和化妆品等工业有广泛的应用。随着人们对植物天然生物活性物质有利于人类身体健康生理功能重视,市场对于植物天然活性物质,尤其是花青素和原花青素等抗氧化生物活性物质的需求越来越大,需要寻找一种可以持续不断规模化生产提取原料的途径。……

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