孙铫 王少华

[摘要]具有核心企业的冷冻生鲜供应链可靠性与利润在决策时通常是相悖的，针对该问题，提出了多目标优化模型。根据可靠性贮备系统的相关论述，将冷冻生鲜供应链系统视为带冷贮备单元的可靠性模型，得到可靠度与利润率优化目标函数;将某销售商的相关数据回归处理后，使用回归处理结果建立利润率优化函数。使用非支配排序遗传算法PESA-II、多目标遗传算法和MOPSO对上述模型进行求解对比，根据各自的结果分析其区别以及各自的条件，为冷链系统投资者提供决策参考。

[关键词]多目标优化;冷冻生鲜;供应链系统;可靠性诊断

[中图分类号]F274;U16[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1005-152X（2021）12-0096-06

Research on Reliability of Dual-Objective Frozen Fresh Product Supply Chain System

SUN Yao1，2，WANG Shaohua1，2

（1.School of Mechanical Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031;

2.Technology & Equipment of Rail Transit Operation & Maintenance Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province，Chengdu 610031，China）

Abstract：It's usually found that reliability and profit set off each other in the decision-making of a frozen fresh product supply chain with a core enterprise. To deal with this problem，we put forward a multi-objective optimization model for such supply chain. According to the relevant literature on reliable storage systems，we regard the frozen fresh product supply chain system as a reliable model with cold storage capacity，whose reliability and profit margin optimization objective function we then proceed to obtain. After regression processing the relevant data of a certain distributor，we use the result yielded to build the profit margin optimization function. Respectively using the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm PESA-II，multi-objective genetic algorithm and MOPSO，we solve and compare the above model，and analyze the difference in their solution process as well as the prerequisite for each，providing decision- making references for cold chain system investors.

Keywords：multi-objective optimization;frozen fresh food;supply chain system;reliability diagnosis

0引言

随着国内经济的快速发展，物流供应链系统日益完善，冷链模式日益丰富，高品质海鲜、肉制品、水果逐渐进入百姓餐桌。2020年我國冷链市场规模已达到3 832亿元，市场竞争进入白热化阶段[1]。未来冷链食品的消费量仍然会有较大的增长潜力。

冷链运输具有建设投资大、系统庞大复杂、时效性要求严格、高成本等特点。相对于普通物流运输而言，冷链物流由于产品特殊，对生产、仓储、运输、销售各个环节的把控要求更为严格。通常来讲，供应链的可靠程度和收益是相悖的。因此，合理协调利润与可靠性之间的关系极其重要。

近年来已有大量学者针对冷链物流系统进行研究，主要研究方向有：冷链物流的推动和经营模式[2-3]、冷链仓库位置的确定[4-5]以及冷链系统配送与调度优化[6-7]等。……