岳振华 岳凤英 王恩怀 李嘉瑜

摘要：基于炮弹弹体在飞行过程中模拟信号以及高冲击侵彻过载数据的测试和记录，设计一种微型高过载弹载数据采集记录仪。记录仪以 STM32为状态控制芯片，以 FPGA 为采集主控芯片，控制多路模拟开关以及高速 A/D 转化器，实现采集弹体上10通道模拟数据，以及三轴加速度冲击传感器在侵彻过程中X、Y、Z 三轴实时冲击值的采集，采集数据后写入 Flash 存储单元，发射完毕可以对 Flash 回收，通过上位机读数软件可以对 Flash 中的数据进行回读。通过整体灌封和多重防护结构设计保证记录仪在冲击过程中内部结构不损坏。试验结果表明，记录仪可以对多通路模拟信号进行记录，误差仅有1%，并且同时对硬目标侵彻过程进行不低于49000 g 的高过载冲击值记录，可以满足高冲击弹载数据的采集和储存要求，具有功耗低、体积小、抗高冲击、精度高等优点。

关键词： DC/DC 电压转换;数据采集; FPGA;零点补偿;高冲击过载

中图分类号： TJ412文献标志码： A文章编号：1674–5124（2021）12–0124–07

Design of micro high impact overload missile borne data recorder

YUE Zhenhua1，YUE Fengying1，WANG Enhuai2，LI Jiayu1

（1. School of Electrical and Control Engineering， North University of China， Taiyuan 030051， China;2. School of Instrument and Electronics， North University of China， Taiyuan 030051， China）

Abstract： Based on the test and record of the simulation signal of the projectile in flight and the overload data of high impact penetration， A miniature high overload missile borne data acquisition recorder is designed. The recorder uses STM32 as the state control chip and FPGA as the acquisition main control chip， and controls multi-channel analog switches and high-speed A/D converters， thus realizing the acquisition of 10 channels of analog data on the projectile and the acquisition of real-time impact values of X， Y and Z axes of the triaxial acceleration impact sensor in the penetration process， and writing the acquired data into the Flash memory unit. after the launch， the Flash can be recovered， and the data in the Flash can be read back through the upper computer reading software. The internal structure of the recorder is not damaged during the impact process through integral encapsulation and multiple protection structure design. The experimental results show that the recorder can record multi-channel analog signals with an error of only 1%， and record the high overload impact value of not less than 49000g during the penetration process of hard targets， which can meet the requirements of data collection and storage on high impact missiles， and has the advantages of low power consumption， small size， high impact resistance and high accuracy.

Keywords： DC/DC voltage conversion; data collection; FPGA; zero compensation; high impact overload

0引言

隨着武器装备的现代化，炮弹武器上的弹载电子设备的日益增多与复杂化，研发人员需要对炮弹点火和飞行过程中许多工作状态模拟参数进行采集与分析，弹体对硬目标进行侵彻冲击时，也要记录实时侵彻过载冲击加速度值，从而对炮弹的性能进行评估与改进。国内弹载记录仪主要针对单轴加速度冲击值的采集，对三轴加速度冲击传感器记录仪涉及较少。本设计针对这个问题研制了一种既可以采集弹体飞行过程中多个通道的模拟信号，同时对弹体在侵彻过程中所受到 X、Y、Z 三轴方向上冲击加速度值的采集。……