柒小惠 郦斐 赵颖 严淑贤 徐金华

[摘要]目的了解足癬流行现状，并探究共存病和生活习惯对足癣患病风险的影响。方法以上海市新泾社区9903名居民为研究对象，采用以小区为单位整群抽样的方式，由经过统一培训的调查员和皮肤科医生通过入户问卷调查的方式收集研究对象的一般情况、教育水平、职业、收入、慢性病史以及治疗情况等，参照《杨国亮皮肤病学》和 Walker 等的诊断标准调查足癣患病状况，采用多因素 logistic 回归模型分析足癣的影响因素。结果本研究共纳入9524名研究对象，其中2345例足癣患者，患病率为24.62%，男性1356名    （57.83%），女性989名（42.27%）。对总体人群的 logistic 回归分析结果显示，年龄大、男性性别、已婚、高血压、鼻炎、痛风、染发和吸烟为足癣的危险因素（ P <0.05）;对性别进行亚组分析的结果显示，冠心病和哮喘是女性的特异性危险因素（ P <0.05），吸烟和痛风是男性的特异性危险因素（ P <0.05）。结论年龄、性别、共存病和生活习惯均会对足癣的患病风险产生影响，并且存在性别差异，培养健康的生活方式是预防足癣的重要措施。

[关键词]足癣;风险因素;生活方式;共存病

[中图分类号] R756.3 [文献标识码] A  [文章编号]2095-0616（2021）22-0014-05

An analysis of the risk factors of adult tinea pedis at Xinjing community of Shanghai

QI  Xiaohui1    LI  Fei2    ZHAO  Ying2    YAN  Shuxian2    XU  Jinhua2

1. Department of Endocrinology， Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiao Tong University， Shanghai 200025， China;2. Department of Dermatology， Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University， Shanghai 200040， China

[Abstract] Objective To understand the epidemic situation of tinea pedis and explore the influence of coexisting diseases and living habits on the risk of tinea pedis. Methods A total of 9903 residents at Xinjing community of Shanghai were taken as the subjects of research . With cluster sampling from community， the general situation， education level， occupation， income， history of chronic diseases and treatment conditions， etc. of the subjects of research were collected through household questionnaire surveys by uniformly trained investigators and dermatologists. The prevalence status of tinea pedis was investigated with reference to Yang Guoliang Dermatology and the diagnostic criteria of Walker etc.， and the influencing factors of tinea pedis were analyzed through multivariate logistic regression model. Results A total of 9524 subjects included in this study， 2345 cases with tinea pedis ， with a prevalence rate of 24.62%， included 1356（57.83%） males and 989（42.27%） females. According to the results of logistic regression analysis of the general population， the risk factors of tinea pedis include old age， male， married status， hypertension， rhinitis， gout， dyed hair and smoking （P <0.05）. According to the results of sex subgroup analysis， coronary heart disease and asthma are specific risk factors for women （P <0.05）， and smoking and gout are specific risk factors for men （P <0.05）. Conclusion Age， gender， coexisting diseases and living habits all affect the risk of tinea pedis， and there are gender differences. Cultivating healthy lifestyle is an important measure to prevent tinea pedis.

[Key words] Tinea pedis; Risk factor; Lifestyle; Coexisting disease

癣是一种由皮肤癣菌感染引起的浅部真菌感染，按照患病部位的不同分为头癣、体癣、股癣、足癣和甲癣[1-2]。根据世界卫生组织的调查，全球约有25%的人受到皮肤真菌病的影响，30%～70%的成年人为该病无症状携带者[3-4]。此外，据估计，有10%～15%的人在其一生中会感染皮肤真菌[5]。在我国，足癣的发病率较高，上海的流行病调查显示，>50岁的人群中足癣患病率为31.84%，其中男性为37.03%、女性为27.31%[6]。已知导致皮肤真菌病患病的因素包括年龄、性别、季节、社会经济、文化条件和地理位置[7]。其中足癣的独立危险因素主要为鞋内的高温高湿环境和男性性别[8-9]。多数相关研究在战士、运动员等特殊人群中开展[10-11]，探索普通人群足癣危险因素的研究较少。本……