杜仲叶提取物对断奶仔猪机体健康影响的研究进展综述
2021-09-12赵广伟冯广鹏李婉涛张景锋
赵广伟 冯广鹏 李婉涛 张景锋

摘 要:杜仲叶提取物作为中草药饲料添加剂可以调节动物的营养代谢、免疫反应和肠道健康,显示出作为膳食抗生素替代品的良好潜力。研究发现,饲粮中添加杜仲叶提取物能促进动物生长、增强免疫力、防治疾病。主要综述了近年来杜仲叶提取物促进断奶仔猪生长和提高动物免疫功能的作用及其作用机制的研究进展,特别是对畜禽健康的营养调控策略进行了前景展望,以期为杜仲叶提取物在动物营养研究及科学应用上提供理论参考。
关键词:杜仲叶提取物;断奶仔猪;生产性能;免疫反应
中图分类号:S 828.5 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0253-2301(2021)06-0058-06
DOI: 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.06.010
Abstract: The extract of Eucommia folium, as a feed additive of Chinese herbal medicine, could regulate the nutrition metabolism, immune response and intestinal health of animals, showing a good potential as a substitute for dietary antibiotics. The research showed that the dietary added with the extract of Eucommia folium could promote the growth of animals, enhance the immunity, and prevent and cure the diseases. In this paper, the effects of the extract of Eucommia folium on the growth and immune function of weaned piglets and its mechanism were reviewed, especially the nutritional regulation strategies for the health of livestock and poultry were prospected, so as to provide theoretical references for the animal nutrition research and the scientific application of the extract of Eucommia folium.
Key words: Extract of Eucommia folium; Weaned piglets; Production performance; Immune response; Intestinal health
斷奶被认为是集中饲养的猪的应激期[1],猪在应激期间会降低对营养物质的消化吸收,引起氧化应激,导致断奶前后出现生长迟缓和腹泻,进而对牲畜生产造成巨大的经济损失[2]。杜仲叶(Eucomia Ulmoides,EL)作为传统中草药杜仲的副产物,在我国相当普遍[3]。杜仲叶提取物含有丰富的生物活性化合物(如黄酮类化合物、绿原酸、桃叶珊瑚素、京尼平苷酸等),具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗病毒和保肝功能[4]。研究发现,饲粮中添加杜仲叶提取物可以提高断奶仔猪的生长性能[5]、抗氧化能力及消化吸收能力[6]。本文就杜仲叶提取物在仔猪营养功能、肠道功能和免疫功能的机制进行综述,以期为杜仲叶提取物在猪生产上的进一步应用提供参考。
1 杜仲叶提取物的主要功能介绍
1.1 杜仲叶提取物的成分及代谢
京尼平苷酸和绿原酸(Chlorogenic acid,CGA)是杜仲叶中重要的活性成分,前者可促进胶原合成[7],提高角质层的转化率[8],后者具有抗菌、消炎、致突变、抗氧化等生物活性[9]。……
