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HPLC法测定大果山楂果实中八种酚酸类成分的含量

2021-09-12孙博霍华珍蔡爱华谢运昌李海云李典鹏

广西植物 2021年7期

孙博 霍华珍 蔡爱华 谢运昌 李海云 李典鹏

摘 要: 建立HPLC法同時测定大果山楂果实中原儿茶酸、绿原酸、二氢咖啡酸、咖啡酸、根皮酸、p-香豆酸、阿魏酸和肉桂酸的方法,并通过HPLC法分析这八种酚酸在不同产地大果山楂果实中的含量。采用ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱,以甲醇/1.5%甲酸水溶液(v/v)为流动相,梯度洗脱,柱温35 ℃,流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长280、320 nm。结果表明:(1)在线性范围内八种酚酸质量浓度与色谱峰峰面积的线性关系良好,相关系数均>0.997,检出限0.08~0.20 μg·mL-1,定量下限 0.27~0.67 μg·mL-1,变异系数均<5.0%,加标回收率99.3%~103.3%;(2)10个不同产地的大果山楂果实中酚酸含量丰富,均检出原儿茶酸、绿原酸、二氢咖啡酸、咖啡酸、根皮酸、阿魏酸和肉桂酸七种酚酸,其中,二氢咖啡酸、根皮酸、阿魏酸均为首次检出,以绿原酸为主(8 410.2~13 826.7 μg·g-1),占总酚酸的80%以上,总酚酸的质量分数在10 187.8~15 583.9 μg·g-1之间,其中广西百色靖西和桂林恭城产的果实总酚酸质量分数相对较高,均大于15 000 μg·g-1。综上结果表明,该研究的HPLC法适用于大果山楂果实中酚酸含量的测定,可为大果山楂优良品种的选育、产品质量控制及深度开发利用提供方法和科学参考。

关键词: HPLC, 大果山楂, 果实, 酚酸, 含量

中图分类号: Q946  文献标识码: A  文章编号: 1000-3142(2021)07-1135-10

Abstract: The contents of phenolic acids in Malus doumeri fruits from different production areas were investigated, and at the same time, HPLC method was developed to detect eight phenolic acids, including protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, dihydrocaffeic acid, caffeic acid, phloretic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and cinnamic acid. ZORBAX SB-C18 column was adopted. The mobile phase was composed of methanol and 1.5% formic acid aqueous with a gradient elution. The column temperature was 35 ℃, the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, the detection wavelength was 280, 320 nm, and the injection volume was 20 μL. The results were as follows: (1) Linear relationship between the mass concentration and the peak area of the chromatogram of eight phenolic acids good, with the correlation coefficient > 0.997, the detection limit 0.08-0.20 μg·mL-1, the lower limit of quantitation 0.27-0.67 μg·mL-1, the coefficient of variation <5.0%, and the adding standard recovery 99.3%-103.3%. (2) Seven phenolic acids (protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, dihydrocaffeic acid, caffeic acid, phloretic acid, ferulic acid and cinnamic acid) were detected over ten samples in different production areas. Among the seven phenolic acids, dihydrocaffeic acid, phloretic acid and ferulic acid were detected in M. doumeri fruits for the first time, and chlorogenic acid (8 410.2-13 826.7 μg·g-1) was predominant, accounting for more than 80% of the total phenolic acids. The mass fraction of total phenolic acids ranged from 10 187.8 to 15 583.9 μg·g-1. The mass fraction of total phenolic acids from fruits picked from Jingxi of Baise and Gongcheng of Guilin in Guangxi was relatively high, more than 15 000 μg·g-1. The above results indicate that the HPLC method used in this study is suitable for the determination of phenolic acids contents in M. doumeri fruit, and can provide methods and scientific basis for screening superior variety, products quality control, and deep exploitation and utilization of M. doumeri fruits.

Key words: HPLC, Malus doumeri, fruits, phenolic acids, content

大果山楂,又名涩梨、广山楂等,为蔷薇科(Rosaceae)苹果属(Malus Mill.)植物台湾林檎(M. doumeri )或光萼林檎(M. leiocalyca )的果实,主要分布于中国南部广西、福建、台湾等地,广西逐步成为大果山楂台湾林檎人工栽培主产区(王雷宏等,2012;曾勇豪等,2014;黄欣欣,2015)。大果山楂含有丰富的营养成分和活性成分,具有降脂、保肝和抗肿瘤等生理功效(Zhu et al., 2019;赵帅等,2020),是广西道地药材之一(邓家刚和韦松基,2007),为壮药,其果实酸甜,可加工成果糕、果酒等地方特色食品,具有广阔的开发利用前景(广西壮族自治区食品药品监督管理局,2011;张巧等,2018;郭婷等,2019)。但大果山楂物质基础研究不够深入,缺乏科学、合理的质量评价方法,阻碍了其深度开发和利用(温玲蓉,2016;赵帅等,2020)。

酚酸类化合物是含有活泼氢供体结构的酚羟基有机酸,具有抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等多种生物活性,是大果山楂果实中重要的功效成分之一(温玲蓉,2016;Choi et al., 2017;陈志杰等,2018),定性定量分析大果山楂果实的酚酸类组成及含量对评价果实的品质并促进其深度加工利用具有重要意义。现有……

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