四杆机构案例在机械原理教学中的应用
2021-09-10胡宁宁王崧全
胡宁宁 王崧全




摘要:机械原理是机械专业中研究机械共性的一门主干技术课。它的任务是使学生掌握机构学和机械动力学的基本理论和基本技能,并初步具有拟定机械运动方案、分析和设计的能力。此次机械原理教学改革就引导学生设计运动轨迹类似椭圆形的四杆机构,将四杆机构案例设计穿插于整个学期。用机械原理知识点负责物料输送装置的设计及工作原理,第一组查找四杆机构图谱,得到轨迹类似椭圆的杆件尺寸,第二组三维软件Pro/E5.0中装配机构模型,导入ADAMS/View中,验证物料输送机构运动副关系,为实际生产中构件布局提供一定参照依据。
Abstract: Mechanical principle is a main technical course for the study of mechanical commonality in mechanical majors. Its task is to enable students to master the basic theories and basic skills of mechanism and mechanical dynamics, and initially have the ability to draw up mechanical motion schemes, analyze and design. The teaching reform of mechanical principles guided students to design a four-bar mechanism with a motion trajectory similar to an ellipse, and the case design of the four-bar mechanism was interspersed throughout the semester. Responsible for the design and working principle of the material conveying device with the knowledge points of mechanical principles. The first group searches for the four-bar mechanism map and obtains the size of the rods with elliptical trajectories. The second group assembles the mechanism model in the 3D software Pro/E5.0 and imports it into ADAMS In /View, verify the relationship between the movement pairs of the material conveying mechanism and provide a certain reference basis for the component layout in actual production.
关键词:机械原理;四杆机构;椭圆轨迹;ADAMS/View
Key words: mechanical principle;four-bar mechanism;elliptical trajectory;ADAMS/View
中圖分类号:G71 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-957X(2021)12-0237-02
1 现状与背景
机械原理是一门以机器和机构为研究对象的学科。它是以高等数学、普通物理、机械制图级理论力学等课程为基础,同时又为以后学习机械设计和有关专业课程以及掌握新的科学技术成就打好工程技术的理论基础,并能使学生受到一些必要的、严格的基本技能和创新思维的训练。因此,《高等工业学校机械原理课程数学基本要求(机械类专业适用)》明确指出:机械原理是机械专业中研究机械共性的一门主干技术课。教学目标分别为:理解机构的组成原理,根据已有机构的结构参数,分析该机构或由其组成的机器的运动学和动力学特性;能够根据预期的运动学和动力学要求,确定机构和机器的型式、结构尺寸和主要参数;能够根据机器的特定功能需求,拟定其运动方案,设计新的机构。……
