杨金良

摘要：目的 探究3种梅毒检验的不同方法检测梅毒螺旋体的结果准确率。方法 以2019年3月——2021年3月我院收治的212例患者梅毒患者为观察组，并选取同时期的220例非梅毒人员为对照组。用毒酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）、苯胺红不加热血清试验（TRUST）以及梅毒螺旋体明胶颗粒凝集试验（TPPA）给观察组和对照组分别进行检测，并对三种检测方法的准确率进行分析比較。结果 TRUST的特异度及灵敏度比ELISA和TPPA低很多，而且在阴性检出率及阳性检出率方面，ELISA和TPPA也比TRUST低很多，在差异性方面比较明显，因此，具有一定的统计学意义（P<0.05）。在阳性检出率方面，Ⅰ期梅毒及早期梅毒TPPA比较高，而TRUST和ELISA则比较低;此外，Ⅲ期梅毒及Ⅱ期梅毒ELISA的阳性检出率也比较高，而TRUST和ELISA则比较低，差异明显，具有一定的统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 适合用于梅毒疗效观察检测的是TRUST，适合梅毒标本的大批量检测的是ELISA，且有着比较高的准确率，适合TRUST和ELISA检出标本的验证性检测的是TPPA。三种检测方法的相互应用能在很大程度上使误诊和漏诊的发生得到有效减少，在临床上有着非常重要的意义。

关键词：梅毒检验;梅毒螺旋体;结果准确率

[Abstract]Objective To explore the accuracy of three different methods for syphilis detection. Methods 212 syphilis patients in our hospital from March 2019 to March 2021 were selected as the observation group，and 220 non syphilis patients in the same period were selected as the control group. ELISA，trust and TPPA were used to detect Treponema pallidum in the observation group and the control group respectively，and the accuracy of the three detection methods was analyzed and compared. Results the specificity and sensitivity of trust were much lower than those of ELISA and TPPA，and in terms of negative detection rate and positive detection rate，ELISA and TPPA were also much lower than trust，and the difference was obvious，so it had certain statistical significance（P < 0.05）. In terms of positive detection rate，TPPA was higher in stage I syphilis and early syphilis，but trust and ELISA were lower;In addition，the positive detection rate of stage III syphilis and stage II syphilis ELISA was also relatively high，while trust and ELISA were relatively low，the difference was obvious，with certain statistical significance（P < 0.05）. Conclusion trust is suitable for observation and detection of syphilis efficacy，ELISA is suitable for mass detection of syphilis samples，and TPPA is suitable for confirmatory detection of trust and ELISA samples. The mutual application of the three detection methods can effectively reduce the occurrence of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis to a great extent，which is of great significance in clinical practice.

[Key words]syphilis test;Treponema pallidum;Accuracy of the results

梅毒是因梅毒螺旋体感染而引起的慢性疾病，该病病程通常比较长，在临床上的表现比较复杂，传染性较强，母婴传播及性传播是其主要的传播方式，对人体危害较大，严重的会损伤到患者全身的组织及器官【1】。近几年来，梅毒的发病率具有逐渐升高的趋势【2】。为了人们的健康，本文主要对ELISA、TRUST以及TPPA三种检测梅毒的方法作简要介绍，并对三种方法的特异性及敏感性作简要探讨。

1 资料和方法

1.1 一般资料 以2019年3月——2021年3月我院收治的212例患者梅毒患者为观察组，其中男性112例，女性100例;年龄18-72岁，平均年龄32.14岁;其中早期梅毒患者50例，Ⅰ期梅毒患者67例，Ⅱ期梅毒患者76例，Ⅲ期梅毒患者19例。选取同时期的220例非梅毒人员为对照组，在性别及年龄方面，过程组和对照组情况相似，在统计学方面，没有比较明显的差异，具有一定的可比性[1]。

1.2 检测试剂 TRUST由（上海荣盛生物科技有限公司）提供。……