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闽北乌龙茶区灰茶尺蠖性信息素诱捕器最佳悬挂密度试验研究

2021-09-10冯卫虎蔡小勇曹士先徐鹍鸬李兆群徐杰晁倩林

中国茶叶 2021年3期

冯卫虎 蔡小勇 曹士先 徐鹍鸬 李兆群 徐杰 晁倩林

摘要:为探索灰茶尺蠖性信息素诱捕器在闽北乌龙茶区最佳悬挂密度及其对后代幼虫的防治效果,设置每667 m2茶园放置2套、4套、6套诱捕器和不放置诱捕器等不同处理,调查各处理下灰茶尺蠖成虫诱集数量和后代幼虫种群数量。试验结果表明,不同悬挂密度下诱捕器平均诱虫数量为(14.33±5.24)头/周,4次调查诱捕害虫总数达到102头;其中,以每667 m2放置4套诱捕器为闽北乌龙茶茶园灰茶尺蠖性信息素诱捕器的最佳悬挂密度,最佳悬挂密度处理区内的第一代幼虫种群数量最低,平均为(2.00±0.58)头,而CK为(4.33±1.86)头。

关键词:闽北乌龙茶区;性信息素;诱捕器;灰茶尺蠖;种群数量

Study on the Optimum Hanging Density of

Traps for Ectropis Grisescens in Oolong

Tea Fields of Northern Fujian

FENG Weihu1,2, CAI Xiaoyong1,2, CAO Shixian1,2, XU Kunlu1,2, LI Zhaoqun3, XU Jie1,2, CHAO Qianlin1,2*

1. Wuyi Star Tea Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuyishan 354300, China; 2. Fujian Wuyi Rock Tea Enterprise

Engineering Technology Research Center, Wuyishan 354300, China; 3. Tea Research Institute,

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China

Abstract:In order to explore the best hanging density of sex pheromone trap for Ectropis grisescens in the Oolongtea field in northern Fujian, the control effects of 0, 2, 4, 6 sets of traps per 667 m2 tea gardens on the number of adults and first generation larvae were compared. The results show that the average number of insects caught by thetraps under different hanging densities was (14.33±5.24) heads/week, and the total number of trapped insects reached102 in 4 surveys. Among them, treatment of 4 sets of traps per 667 m2 had the best effect. The number of the firstgeneration larvae under treatment of four traps per 667 m2 was the lowest, with an average of ( 2.00±0.58 ) larvae, while CK was (4.33±1.86) larvae.

Keywords: Oolong tea fields of northern Fujian, sex pheromone, trap, Ectropis grisescens, population

灰茶尺蠖(Ectropis grisescens Warren)属于鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)尺蛾科(Gometridae),是我国茶园主要的食叶类害虫之一,在我国各产茶省均有发生,以幼虫咀食茶树叶片为害,大发生时可将茶树老叶、嫩叶和新梢全部食尽,致茶丛光秃,严重影响茶叶产量和质量[1-2]。

目前,对灰茶尺蠖的防治仍依赖于化学药品,其大量使用带来的农药残留和环境污染等安全问题日益被重视。随着人们健康饮茶意识的不断加强,如何进行灰茶尺蠖的无害化防治已成为研究重点。

昆虫性信息素作为绿色防控的一项重要措施,主要用于害虫种群监测、交配干扰和大量诱捕等方面,目前已在部分害虫的监测和防治中得到很好的应用,成为绿色防控技术研究中的热点之一。灰茶尺蠖性信息素对茶尺蠖有效,不伤害天敌,不存在农残问题,有利于保障茶叶质量安全,提升茶叶品质、产量,同时对保护生态环境有积极的生态效益和社会效益。……

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