王新超 郝心愿 王璐 杨亚军 章志芳 曾建明

摘要：中茶603是从四川中小叶种群体后代中经单株选拔—扦插扩繁—品比试验系统选育而成的红绿兼制型茶树新品种。试验结果表明，中茶603属早生种，产量较高;适制绿茶、红茶，春季制烘青绿茶，外形肥嫩披毫嫩绿鲜润，汤色嫩绿明亮，香气清高鲜爽有花香，滋味醇和甘鲜，叶底嫩、匀齐、多芽、嫩绿明亮。夏秋季制工夫红茶，外形较紧结、显金毫、乌褐，汤色较红、较明亮，香气鲜甜、花香显，滋味较醇厚、较甘、较鲜爽。春季第一轮一芽二叶2年平均含茶多酚17.3%，氨基酸4.6%，咖啡碱3.5%，儿茶素10.6%，水浸出物48.5%。抗寒性较强，抗旱性强，高抗炭疽病，高感小绿叶蝉。适宜在浙江及气候相似地区种植。中茶603于2020年通过农业农村部非主要农作物新品种登记，登记编号：GPD茶树（2020）330026。

关键词：茶树;早生优质;红绿茶兼制;品种;中茶603

An New Early-sprouting Cultivar

Suitable for Processing Black and

Green Tea ——'Zhongcha 603'

WANG Xinchao， HAO Xinyuan， WANG Lu， YANG Yajun*， ZHANG Zhifang， ZENG Jianming

Tea Research Institute， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Tea Improvement/Key Laboratory of  Tea Biology and Resources Utilization， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， Hangzhou 310008， China

Abstract： 'Zhongcha 603' is a new tea cultivar suitable for processing green and black tea， which is selected from population in Sichuan province and bred by systematic selection including the processes of single plant selection，  cutting propagation， strain comparison. The results showed that 'Zhongcha 603' was an early-sprouting cultivar with moderate high yield. The baked green tea had fat， tippy and tender green bloom appearance， light pale-green and bright liquor color， clean， high， fresh and brisk with flowery aroma， mellow and sweet umami taste， uniform buds with tender green and bright infused leaves. The Congou black tea had wiry， golden tippy and brown black appearance，  little red and bright liquor color， fresh and sweet with flowery aroma， little mellow， thick， sweet fresh and brisk taste. Based on the first round picking in two years， the average content of tea polyphenols， amino acids， caffeine， catechinsand water extracts in one bud and two leaves were 17.3%， 4.6%， 3.5%， 10.6% and 48.5% respectively. 'Zhongcha 603' also showed moderate cold and strong drought and anthracnose tolerance， but sensitive to leafhopper. It might besuitable for planting in Zhejiang and other areas with similar climate. It was registered by Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs in 2020 with registration No. GPD tea plant （2020） 330026.

Keywords： tea plant， early-sprouting and good quality， suitable for processing black and green tea， cultivar，   Zhongcha 603

茶樹良种是茶叶生产的物质基础和重要保证。随着国内茶园面积的不断扩大和投产面积的逐渐增加，以及国际茶叶产量的提高，国内外茶叶市场的竞争日益加剧。随着消费者结构的变化，对茶叶产品结构的需求也在不断变化中。根据国家茶叶产业技术体系经济研究室的统计结果，无论是国际还是国内市场，茶类结构比例上呈现了绿茶比例下降，其他茶类比例上升的改变。其中红茶比例上升较快，红茶市场的兴起，以及消费者对红茶产品的追捧，带动了国内红茶市场的持续升温，各地生产红茶的热情高涨[1-2]。在我国传统的绿茶产区，推广种植仅仅适制红茶的品种，不符合生产实际需要。……