浅析裘万顷诗歌对杜甫的接受
2021-09-10王晓宇
摘要:裘万顷,南宋江湖诗派诗人,诗风清婉流利、极具情致。尽管在文学史上大多数人认为“江湖诗派”是学晚唐体,宗贾岛与姚合。但实际上他们学习的是杜甫的诗歌,宗杜而非仅仅贾、姚。身处南宋社会矛盾、民族矛盾最为尖锐的时刻,在求变求新理论的支撑下,裘万顷跳出了晚唐、四灵的樊篱,以盛唐、杜甫作为学习,追慕的榜样。
关键词:裘万顷;杜甫;诗歌接受
Abstract:Qiu Wanqing, a poet of the Jianghu School of Poetry in the Southern Song Dynasty, has a clear, graceful and fluent style of poetry. Although most people in the history of literature think that the "Jianghu School of Poetry" is a school of the late Tang Dynasty, Zongjiadao and Yaohe together. But in fact they are learning Du Fu's poetry, Zong Du, not just Jia and Yao. At the most acute moment of social and ethnic contradictions in the Southern Song Dynasty, Qiu Wanqing jumped out of the barriers of the late Tang and the Four Spirits under the support of the theory of seeking change and innovation, and took the prosperous Tang and Du Fu as examples of learning and admiration. The author uses this as a starting point to discuss Qiu Wanqing's acceptance of Du Fu in his poetry creation.
Key words:Qiu Wanqing;Du Fu;Poetry acceptance
裘万顷(?-1219),字元量,号竹斋,江西新建(今江西南昌)人。著有《竹斋诗集》三卷,直到明代才有刊本现世。裘万顷本人性纯孝,素有美誉,但是高洁的品性却并未为他带来仕途上的助力,他的致仕之路可谓历经坎坷——除却西山隐居的两年,诗人一生大部分时间漂泊游宦。社会环境和个人生活,不容诗人自由选择,所以他几乎将自己的情感都寄托于诗歌创作上,他的诗风秉承江湖诗派,在其流传下来的诗集中,我们不难窥见其诗作清婉流利、极具情致的特点。
清代的贺裳在《载酒园诗话》中评价裘万顷,称:“元量生于豫章,殊不染其恶气,大可敬也。”[1]胡泳《跋竹斋漫存遗稿》谓其“坚苦好修,发之声画,其清彻骨”[2]。倪祖义《跋竹斋遗稿》称其“竹斋翁友悌之爱,情见乎词,亦默契之。至于文章典雅,字画妍秀,足以自成一家”[3]。由此可见,裘万顷本人的诗风在古代得到了颇高的评价。但是目前学界对于裘万顷的研究却未成体系,研究成果仅有《<竹斋先生诗集>校注》这一篇硕士论文,这篇论文将研究重点放在了其诗歌的题材分类与艺术风格的表现上,主要是从整体上对裘万顷的诗歌创作进行系统地把握,甚少涉及其对个人创作的接受,笔者以此为切入点,主要探讨的是裘万顷的诗歌创作对杜甫的接受。……
